Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Symptoms/M - N
The A-Z of Parkinson's Symptoms
M
Mad Hatter's Disease
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Redirected to ( To subpage for editing >> ) Pathological irritability or sensitivity of an organ or a body part. This symptom (also known as Mad Hatter's Disease is commonly associated with mercury toxicity, (prevalent in hat manufacture) which is itself a noted causal risk for PD. The following references are relevant:- Critchley (1981) Speech disorders of Parkinsonism: a review. [1] Clarkson et al (2003) Human Exposure to Mercury: the Three Modern Dilemmas [2] Liu et al (2012) Occupational Neurotoxic Diseasesin Taiwan[3] Further Research
References
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Masking
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Redirected to ( To subpage for editing >> ) Fixed and vacant expression (masking) Very little research has been carried out on this common PD symptom but the following are relevant :- Allen (1931) The Dissociation of voluntary and emotional movements of the face with special reference to emotional paresis as a physical sign [2] Hemmesch et al (2009)The Influence of Facial Masking and Sex on Older Adults’ Impressions of Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease. [3] Clark et al (2011) Visual Exploration of Emotional Facial Expressions in Parkinson's Disease [4] Tickle-Degnen et al (2011) Culture, Gender and Health Care Stigma: Practitioners’ Response to Facial Masking Experienced by People with Parkinson’s Disease < [5] Further Researchedit
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Micrographia
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Microscopic handwriting The following references are relevant:- Oliveira et al (1997) Micrographia in Parkinson's disease: the effect of providing external cues [1] Dounskaia et al (2009) Biased Wrist and Finger Coordination in Parkinsonian Patients during Performance of Graphical Tasks [2] Shukla et al (2012) Micrographia and related deficits in Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study [3] Further Researchedit
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Motor fluctuations
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Motor fluctuations 'On-off' periods, wearing off, dose failures, and freezing associated with long-term levodopa use The following references are relevant:- Bordelon et al (2011) Medication Responsiveness of Motor Symptoms in a Population-Based Study of Parkinson Disease [1]/ Bohnen et al (2011) Leucoaraiosis, nigrostriatal denervation and motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease [2] Mera et al (2012) Feasibility of home-based automated Parkinson’s disease motor assessment [3] Further Researchedit
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Mydriasis (Dilated pupils)
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Dilated pupils. The following references are relevant:- Bitsios et al (1998) Comparison of the effects of moclobemide and selegiline on tyramine-evoked mydriasis in man [1] Mojunder and Wensel (2009) Topical Mydriatics Affect Light-Evoked Retinal Responses in Anesthetized Mice [2] Armstrong (2011) Visual Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease [3] Further Research
References
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Myoclonus(Sudden unexpected jerks)
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Sudden violent jerks. The following references are relevant:- Mera et al (2011) Feasibility of home-based automated Parkinson’s disease motor assessment [1] Lanska (2010) Chapter 33: the history of movement disorders [2] Kojovic et al (2011) Myoclonic disorders: a practical approach for diagnosis and treatment [3] Further Researchedit
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N
Narcolepsy
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Narcolepsy Sudden urge to sleep. The following references are relevant:- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1978248/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747735 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22939103
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