Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Symptoms/H
The A-Z of Parkinson's Symptoms
H
Hallucination
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An experience of something that does not exist outside the mind The following references are relevant:- Goetz et al (2010) Hallucinations and sleep disorders in PD [2]
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Hyperkinesia (Increased force, speed, violence, speed of movement)
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Increased force, speed, violence, speed of movement. The following references are relevant:- Ackermann et al (1989) Palilalia as a symptom of levodopa induced hyperkinesia in Parkinson's disease.[5] Inzelberg et al (1995) Kinematic properties of upper limb trajectories in idiopathic torsion dystonia[6] Thomsen et al (2011) Psychomotor stimulation by dopamine D1-like but not D2-like agonists in most mouse strains [7] Further Researchedit
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Hypersexuality
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Excessive sexual activity (Related symptoms: Satyriasis, Sadomachism) The following references are relevant:- Witjas et al (2012) Addictive behaviors and Parkinson's disease. [1]
Pereira et al (2013) Screening hypersexuality in Parkinson's disease in everyday practice. [3] Further Research
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Hypertonia (Excessive muscle tone)
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Excessive muscle tone The followng references are relevant:- Wright et al (2007) Axial hypertonicity in Parkinson’s disease: Direct measurements of trunk and hip torque [1] Goldenberg(2008) Medical Management of Parkinson’s Disease [2] Xia et al (2011) Differentiation between the contributions of shortening reaction and stretch-induced inhibition to rigidity in Parkinson’s disease[3] Further Researchedit
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Hypokinesia (Reduced force, impetus or speed of movement)
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Reduced force, impetus or speed of movement The following refences are relevant:- Ackermann et al (1989) Palilalia as a symptom of levodopa induced hyperkinesia in Parkinson's disease.[1] Heldman et al (2011) The Modified Bradykinesia Rating Scale for Parkinson’s Disease: Reliability and Comparison with Kinematic Measures[2] # Espay et al (2011) Differential Response of Speed, Amplitude, and Rhythm to Dopaminergic Medications in Parkinson’s Disease [3] Further Researchedit
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Hypomania (Pathological elation)
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Pathological elation. The following references are relevant:- Zahodne and Fernandez (2010) Parkinson’s Psychosis [1] Haq et al (2010) A Case of Mania following Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder [2] Copra et al (2012) Underlying Neurobiology and Clinical Correlates of Mania Status-Post Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s disease: A Review of the Literature [3]
Further Research
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Hypophonia (Reduced vocal force)
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Reduced vocal force The following references are relevant:- Russell et al (2010) Targeted exercise therapy for voice and swallow in persons with Parkinson’s disease [1] Hammer et al (2010) Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation changes speech respiratory and laryngeal control in Parkinson's disease [2] Darling and Huber (2011) Changes to Articulatory Kinematics in Response to Loudness Cues in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease [3] Further Research
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