Linux server administration
Linux server administration is one of the server administration learning projects. Linux server administration studies the use of the Linux operating system as an all purpose server.
![float](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Tux.svg/60px-Tux.svg.png)
What is Linux?
editLinux, or GNU/Linux, refers to any Unix-like computer operating system which uses the Linux kernel. It is one of the most prominent examples of open source development and free software as well as user generated software; its underlying source code is available for anyone to use, modify, and redistribute freely. See the Linux article at Wikipedia for much more information
Choosing a distribution
editLinux distributions are available in a very wide variety. Choosing only one is a difficult task. Popular examples that have been around for a while are
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
- Fedora core
- Debian
- Slackware
- Mandrake (now called Mandriva Linux)
- Ubuntu
- SUSE
Others like Knoppix offers live CD experience. See the Comparison of Linux distributions at Wikipedia for an exhaustive list
NOTE: Wikiversity runs from Wikimedia servers using several distributions including Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Ubuntu.
A curriculum for the Linux users and administrators
editThis is for future contributers to add to and develop.
Level 1 : Introduction to Linux
- What is Linux?
- How Linux Began and Origins of Linux
- The GNU Project
- Platforms, Applications & Distributions
- Linux Resources
- Minimum System Requirements
- The Fedora Project
- Red Hat Linux 7,8,9 vs. Enterprise 3.x
- Chapter 1 Review
Level 2 : Linux Installation
- Is Your Hardware Compatible?
- System Requirements Table
- Initiating an Installation
- Hard Disk Management: fdisk, linux/mdadm, disk usage, blkid, lsblk
- Selecting an Installation Method
- Virtual Consoles
- Initiation Installation from Boot Media
- Welcome Screen and Boot Options
- Language Selection
- Keyboard & Mouse Configuration
- Installation Type Options
- Disk Partitioning Setup
- Boot Loader Configuration
- Network Configuration
- Firewall Configuration
- Language Support Selection
- Time Zone Configuration: NTP services
- Root Password Configuration
- Authentication Configuration
- Desktop Configuration
- Demo - Fedora Installation
- Directory structure[1]
- Chapter 2 Review
Level 3 : Package Managers: Red Hat Package Manager "RPM"
- What is RPM?
- Demo - Reflection X
- Downloading RPM's
- RPM's 5 Modes of Operation
- Installing with RPM
- Installation Errors/Remedies
- Uninstalling Packages
- Upgrading RPM's
- Freshening RPM's
- Querying RPM's
- Verifying RPM's
- Additional RPM Resources
- Other package management systems: dpkg, apt, yum
- Chapter 3 Review
Level 4 : Managing Users
- Linux User Types
- Adding Users
- Usernames
- Passwords
- User Home Directories
- UID and GID
- User Groups
- User Primary vs. Private Groups
- Sharing
- Files Built When Users are Created
- Files Checked by Bash
- Activating the User Manager GUI
- System Created Users & Groups
- Command Line User Deletion
- Chapter 4 Review
Level 5 : Partitioning and Filesystems
- Devices & Device Nodes
- IDE Devices
- SCSI Devices
- IDE Device Naming
- SCSI Chain
- Filesystem Management Commands
- Partition Planning
- Partition Types
- Supported Filesystems
- Creating Filesystems
- Files: (touch (command))
- Formatting devices: Floppies / USB
- More Filesystem Details
- Link Count
- Mounting Filesystems
- Unmounting Filesystems
- Mount Command Options
- Mounting Remote Filesystems
- fstab File
- Swap Space
- Special Case: Swap
- Special Case: Automounter
- Quotas
- Maintenance & Repair
- Adding a New Hard Drive
- Recovering a Partition
- LVM and ZFS
- Demo -fstab File
- Chapter 5 Review
Level 6 : Backup and Restore
- Types of Backups
- Device Naming Conventions
- Chapter 6 Review
Level 7 : Startup and Shutdown
- The Boot Process
- Run Levels
- Configuring Process Fields
- Inittab Example
- In The Beginning.Init
- The /etc/rc.d Directory
- /etc/rcX.d Script Sequencing
- Processes:
ps
andpstree
utils - Stop & Stop Services: systemd
- The /etc/rc.d/rc.local File
- Shutting Down Properly
- Methods of Rebooting
- Booting into Single-User Mode
- Creating a Boot Diskette
- Demo - Startup & Shutdown Procedures
- Chapter 7 Review
Level 8 : Compiling the Kernel
- What is the Linux Kernel?
- Why Compile the Kernel?
- Before You Get Started
- Four Kernel Upgrade Paths
- Check Your Tool Kit
- 4 Stages to Compile the Kernel
- Patching the Kernel
- Demo - Manually Compile the Kernel
- Chapter 8 Review
Level 9 : Scheduling
- 2 Major Scheduling Daemons
crontab
command- The
/etc/crontab
File - Simple /etc/crontab Example
- Complex /etc/crontab Example
- An actual
/etc/crontab
file - Sample
/etc/cron.daily/
directory - Use /etc/cron.allow or /etc/cron.deny
- Starting & Stopping cron
- The at Command
- Anacron
- Starting & Stopping Anacron
- Sample /etc/anacrontab File
- Demo - Scheduling
- Chapter 9 Review
Level 10 : Basic Networking Concepts
- Platform Compatibility
- Physical Network Support
- Protocol Suite Support
- Network Device Names
- Network Kernel Modules
- ifconfig Command
- ifup & ifdown Scripts
- Interface Configuration
- Non-root User Control
- Multiple IP's on a Single Interface
- Client DHCP/BOOTP
- Global Parameters
- Configuration Utilities
- Network Tools
- Demo - Reconfigure Network Information
- Demo - Sysconfig Directory
- Chapter 10 Review
Level 11 : Printing
- Linux Printing over the Last 2 Years
- Setup Printing
- Common Unix Printing System "CUPS"
- Printing Flow in a CUPS Environment
- CUPS Browser Interface
- Linux-Supported Printers
- Printer Configuration Tools
- User Command Interface
- Starting & Stopping Printing Services
- lpr Examples
- lpq Examples
- lprm Examples
- lpc Usage
- Printing from Linux Applications
- redhat-config-printer
- Availability
- Troubleshooting Printing
- Chapter 11 Review
Level 12 : Linux Security
- Basic Levels of Security
- Physical Security
- Grub Security
- User-based Security
- User Accounts & Patterns
- Typical User No-No's
- Delegating Root Authority
- Password Security
- Pluggable Authentication Modules "PAM"
- Permissions
- File and directory permissions
- Controlling Permissions
- Files & Filesystem Security
- Filesystem Monitoring
- Avoiding Trojan Horses
- Encryption
- Introduction to iptables: filters and SNAT/DNAT
- hardening[2]
- Response Strategies
- Demo - Base Permissions
- Chapter 12 Review
Level 13 : Popular Linux Services
- SAMBA Naming, overview and components
- Exploring/Browsing Directories
- Browsing Resources with Linux Commands
- Letting Linux Use a Windows Printer
- Official SAMBA Website
- Web Servers:
- Apache Web Server: Naming confusion and configuration files
- Nginx
- What is Squid?
- Demo - Connecting to a Linux Machine
- Demo - Getting a list of Running Services
Level 14 : Operation and Monitoring
- Configuration management
- Monitoring tools: (Nagios, Zabbix), w:Icinga
Level 15 : Performance and Troubleshooting
Level 16: Benchmarking tools
See also
edit- Installing Linux
- Linux/Basic commands
- Linux/Directories
- dbus and dbus-uuidgen utility