Votian/Dialect classification

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Type classification: this is a lesson resource.

Completion status: Deliberately incomplete for educational purposes.

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Votian dialects

Classification

• Votic
  • Eastern Votic dialect
    • Kabrio dialect (Russian: Копорья)
    • Itšäpäivä - Kozlova dialect
      • Kozlova dialect (Russian: Козлово)
      • Iivanaisi dialect (Russian: Ивановское)
      • Mahu dialect (Russian: Подмошье)
      • Kliimettina dialect (Russian: Климетино)
      • Itšäpäivä dialect (Russian: Ицепино)
  • Western Votic dialects
    • Hill dialect:
      • Kõrstõva ~ Kerstova dialect (Russian: Керстово)
      • Tšitširitsa ~ Kikeritsa dialect (Russian: Кикерицы)
      • Pihlaala dialect (Russian: Пиллово)
      • Rudja dialect (Russian: Рудилово)
      • Rannala dialect (Russian: Раннолово)
      • Lempola dialect (Russian: Лемполово)
      • Pummala dialect (Russian: Пумалица)
      • Kattila dialect (Russian: Котлы)
      • Untovõõ ~ Undova dialect (Russian: Ундово)
    • Valley dialect:
      • Jarvikoištšülä dialect (Russian: Бабино)
      • Savvokkala dialect (Russian: Савикино)
      • Mati dialect (Russian: Маттия)
      • Kõrvõttula dialect (Russian: Корвитино)
      • Mataucio dialect (Russian: Матовка)
      • Veertävä dialect (Russian: Вердия)
      • Muukkova dialect (Russian: Мукково)
    • Pontizõõ - Velikkä dialect
      • Velikkä dialect (Russian: Великино)
      • Pontizõõ dialect (Russian: Понтилово)
      • Valkovitsa dialect (Russian: Валговицы)
      • Koskolova dialect (Russian: Косколово)
      • Kahcizõõ dialect (Russian: Березняки)
    • Vaipooli dialect:
      • Luuditsa - Liivtšülä dialect
        • Rüsümätši dialect (Russian: Верхние Лужицы, Finnish: Risumäki)
        • Luutsa ~ Luuditsa dialect (Russian: Лужицы)
        • Liivtšülä dialect (Russian: Пески)
      • Jõgõperä - Rajo dialect
        • Jõgõperä dialect (Russian: Кроколье)
        • Rajo dialect (Russian: Межники)
        • Narvuzi dialect (Russian: Куземкино)
  • Kreevin dialect (Latvian: Kreeviš ~ Krievinsh ('a Russian'), hence Russian: кревинг) dialect was still alive in 1846 near Bauska (German: Marienland or Bauske) in Latvian Zemgale, noted by the academician A. Sjögren. In the 1440s the knight Heidenreich Vinke von Overberg deported Votic war prisoners - their ancestors to Courland .
• Kukkuzi dialect (Russian: Куровицы) dialect is traditionally classified as Votic under strong Ingrian influence, but T-R. Viitsoo opposed this claim as a linguistic nonsense. We might talk about Votic substratum here instead and also in other Ingrian dialects of lower Laugaz valley (Russian: Усть-Луга): Kotko (Орлы), Mannakka (Манновка), Teesuu (Извоз), Haavikko (Кейкино) etc. and less obviously in surroundings of river Rosona (Russian: Росона). .

Following dialects of Estonia share distinctive features with Votic and might have been originally closer to Votic than to Estonian dialects. :

• Alutaguse dialects: The most characteristic of which was the speech of Lüganuse parish.
  • Lüganuse dialect
  • Jõhvi dialect
  • Northern and central Iisaku dialect
  • Western and central Vaivara dialect
• Vaiga or East-Estonian dialects: The most characteristic of which was the speech of Kodavere and north-eastern Maarja-Magdaleena parishes. .
  • nucleus: (central and northern Kodavere, north-eastern Maarja-Magdaleena)
  • northern: (northern Torma and Avinurme, north-eastern corner of Laiuse, south-western Iisaku - espescially Tudulinna area)
  • central: (the rest of Torma, eastern Laiuse, eastern Palamuse, central Maarja-Magdaleena)
  • southern: (Äksi, southern Maarja-Magdaleena)

Votic substratum is found also in Finnish dialects of Western-Ingria e.g. Lutheran parts of Kattila (Russian: Котлы) and Novoselkka, Kurgolovo (Russian: Курголово) - Suakyla (Russian: Дубровка). There are some remarques about extinct Finnic dialect of Gdov (Russian: Гдов) area - Dobrychinskaya (Russian: Добручинская) municipality.

(The distribution of Votic villages in this classification needs further confirmation.)

See also

• Grammar of Votian dialects (syllabus)
• Votian dialects

Further reading

About Ingrian and Votic elements in Kukkuzi and Lower Luga dialects:

• [1] Elena Markus (Tartu), Fedor Rozhanskiy (Moscow)"The development of a mixed language in the multilingual environment"

About Kreevin:

• F. J. Wiedemann 1871. „Über die Nationalität und die Sprache der jetzt ausgestorbenen Kreewinen in Kurland”
• [2] Gunita Šlara 1992. „Praeguseks välja surnud Kurlandi kreevinite päritolust ja keelest”
• [3] Mägiste, Julius 1934. „Eesti ja kreevinite keelelisist kokkupuuteist”

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