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WikiJournal of Medicine/The Kivu Ebola Epidemic/XML

< WikiJournal of Medicine | The Kivu Ebola Epidemic
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    <full_title>WikiJournal of Medicine/The Kivu Ebola Epidemic</full_title>
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    <issn media_type='electronic'>2002-4436 / 2470-6345 / 2639-5347</issn>
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   <journal_issue>  
    <publication_date media_type='online'>     
     <year>2022</year>  
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     <volume>9</volume>
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    <titles>     
     <title>The Kivu Ebola Epidemic</title>
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     <surname>et al.</surname><affiliation>Wikipedia editors of Kivu Ebola epidemic</affiliation><link>https://xtools.wmflabs.org/articleinfo/en.wikipedia.org/Kivu_Ebola_epidemic//2022-04-13</link>
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     <year>2022</year>
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     <doi>10.15347/WJM/2022.001</doi>     
     <resource>https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/WikiJournal of Medicine/The Kivu Ebola Epidemic</resource>
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The Kivu Ebola epidemic   began on 1 August 2018, when four cases of Ebola virus disease (EVD) were confirmed in the eastern region of Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).       The disease affected the DRC, Uganda, and is suspected to have also affected Tanzania, though the Ministry of Health there never shared information with the WHO.   The outbreak was declared ended on 25 June 2020, with a total of 3,470 cases and 2,280 deaths.      Other locations in the DRC affected included the Ituri Province, where the first case was confirmed on 13 August 2018.   In November 2018, it became the biggest Ebola outbreak in the DRC's history,       and by November, it had become the second-largest Ebola outbreak in recorded history,     behind only the 2013–2016 Western Africa epidemic. On 3 May 2019, 9 months into the outbreak, the DRC death toll surpassed 1,000.     In June 2019, the virus reached Uganda, having infected a 5-year-old Congolese boy who entered with his family,   but this was contained.  Since January 2015, the affected province and general area have been experiencing a military conflict, which hindered treatment and prevention efforts. The World Health Organization (WHO) has described the combination of military conflict and civilian distress as a potential "perfect storm" that could lead to a rapid worsening of the situation.     In May 2019, the WHO reported that, since January of that year, there had been 42 attacks on health facilities and 85 health workers had been wounded or killed. In some areas, aid organizations have had to stop their work due to violence.   Health workers also had to deal with misinformation spread by opposing politicians.    Due to the deteriorating security situation in North Kivu and surrounding areas, the WHO raised the risk assessment at the national and regional level from "high" to "very high" in September 2018.   In October, the United Nations Security Council stressed that all armed hostility in the DRC should come to a stop to address the ongoing outbreak better.       A confirmed case in Goma triggered the decision by the WHO to convene an emergency committee for the fourth time,     and on 17 July 2019, the WHO announced a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), the highest level of alarm the WHO can sound.    On 15 September 2019, some slowdown of cases was noted in the DRC.   However, contact tracing continued to be less than 100%; at the time, it was at 89%.   In mid-October the transmission of the virus had significantly reduced; by then it was confined to the Mandima region near where the outbreak began, and was only affecting 27 health zones in the DRC (down from a peak of 207).   New cases decreased to zero by 17 February 2020,   but after 52 days without a case, surveillance and response teams confirmed three new cases in mid-April.        As a new and separate outbreak, was reported on 1 June 2020 in Équateur Province in north-western DRC, described as the eleventh Ebola outbreak since records began;   after almost two years the tenth outbreak was declared ended on 25 June 2020, with a total of 3,470 cases and 2,280 deaths.
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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "EBOLA RDC – Evolution de la riposte contre l'épidémie d'Ebola dans la province du Nord Kivu au Lundi 13 août 2018". mailchi.mp (in French). Retrieved 17 August 2018.
  2. ↑ "Congo declares new Ebola outbreak in eastern province". Reuters. August 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  3. ↑ "Congo announces 4 new Ebola cases in North Kivu province". The Washington Post. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  4. ↑ "Cluster of presumptive Ebola cases in North Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo". World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 2 August 2018.
  5. ↑ "U.S. alerts travelers to Tanzania about possible unreported Ebola". STAT. 27 September 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  6. ↑ "History of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Outbreaks Error processing SSI file". www.cdc.gov. 17 June 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "DR Congo's deadliest Ebola outbreak declared over". BBC News. 25 June 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  8. ↑ "EBOLA RDC – Evolution de la riposte contre l'épidémie d'Ebola dans les provinces du Nord Kivu et de l'Ituri au Vendredi 9 novembre 2018". mailchi.mp (in French). Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  9. ↑ "Current Ebola Outbreak Is Worst in Congo's History: Ministry". usnews.com. Us News and World report. Retrieved 10 November 2018.
  10. ↑ Mahamba, Fiston; Cocks, Tim; Reese, Chris (2018-10-15). "Congo confirms 33 Ebola cases in past week, of whom 24 died". Reuters. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
  11. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named 2alltime
  12. ↑ Weber, Lauren (29 November 2018). "The Ebola Outbreak In Congo Just Became The Second Largest Ever". Huffington Post. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
  13. ↑ "2014–2016 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 29 March 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  14. ↑ "World Digest: CONGO: Death toll tops 1,000 in Ebola outbreak". The Washington Post. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  15. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ugandaepi
  16. ↑ Belluz, Julia (25 September 2018). "An Ebola "perfect storm" is brewing in Democratic Republic of the Congo". Vox. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
  17. ↑ "Ebola-hit DRC faces 'perfect storm' as uptick in violence halts WHO operation – Democratic Republic of the Congo". ReliefWeb. 25 September 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
  18. ↑ "World Digest: CONGO: Death toll tops 1,000 in Ebola outbreak". The Washington Post. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
  19. ↑ Spinney, Laura (17 January 2019). "In Congo, fighting a virus and a groundswell of fake news". Science 363 (6424): 213–214. doi:10.1126/science.363.6424.213. PMID 30655420. 
  20. ↑ "Ebola virus disease – Democratic Republic of the Congo". World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  21. ↑ "UN calls for end to Congo fighting to combat Ebola outbreak". The Washington Post. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
  22. ↑ Gladstone, Rick (12 June 2019). "Boy, 5, and Grandmother Die in Uganda as More Ebola Cases Emerge". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
  23. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named WHO14June2019
  24. ↑ "High-level meeting on the Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo affirms support for Government-led response and UN system-wide approach". World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 16 July 2019.
  25. ↑ Schnirring, Lisa (15 July 2019). "Ebola spread to Goma triggers new emergency talks, cases top 2,500". CIDRAP. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
  26. ↑ Goldberg, Mark Leon (17 July 2019). "The World Health Organization Just Declared an Ebola "Emergency" in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Here's What That Means". UN Dispatch. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named none
  28. ↑ Soucheray, Stephanie (10 October 2019). "WHO: Ebola outbreak back to where it began". CIDRAP News. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  29. ↑ "Ebola virus disease – Democratic Republic of the Congo". WHO. 8 March 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  30. ↑ "WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 – 10 April 2020". www.who.int. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  31. ↑ "New Ebola case in the DRC dashes hopes that outbreak was over". STAT. 10 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  32. ↑ "Ebola virus disease – Democratic Republic of the Congo". WHO. 16 April 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2020.
  33. ↑ "New outbreak declared in Equateur province". Médecins Sans Frontières. 4 June 2020. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  34. ↑ "History of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Outbreaks Error processing SSI file". www.cdc.gov. 17 June 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.


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