Volcanoes/Volcanism/Quiz

Volcanism is a lecture about remnants of volcanic activity that occur in, on, around and between volcanic rocks. It is a volcanoes lecture offered by the radiation astronomy department and the school of geology.

File:Campi Flegrei volcanism.jpg

This view of the topography over Campi Flegrei shows the relative relief caused by volcanic remnants. Credit: MeteoWeb.

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1 Quiz
2 Hypotheses
3 See also
4 External links

Quiz

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1 Yes or No, Bentonite is a porous clay formed by the decomposition of volcanic ash that swells 5 to 6 times its original volume in the presence of water.

	Yes
	No

2 Which chemical phenomenon are associated with the Earth?

	quartz is the second most abundant mineral
	an atmosphere containing CO₂
	green, red, blue, and yellow airglow
	the production and escape of hot H⁺ ions
	oxygen emissions
	helium ions

3 Yes or No, Any of several impure clay minerals consisting mostly of montmorillonite is called a bentonite.

	Yes
	No

4 With respect to protoplanetary disks what green mineral has been found?

5 True or False, Bentonites are volcanism, or remnants of volcanic activity, even though they are metamorphic sediments or rocks.

	TRUE
	FALSE

6 Observations of Io have benefited greatly from what phenomenon?

	a dense, opaque atmosphere
	lightning
	extensive meteorite cratering
	a flattening out
	liquid hydrocarbon lakes
	the reflected light of allotropes and compounds of sulfur

7 Moldavite is a mineral that may be associated with what green astronomy phenomenon?

	predicting the end of the Earth
	determine the accuracy of local computers
	meteorite impacts
	demonstrating that Venus was once a comet
	predict when currently dormant volcanoes will erupt
	green fireballs

8 Which of the following are associated with greenstone belts?

	metamorphosed mafic sequences
	ultramafic volcanic sequences
	Archaean and Proterozoic cratons
	chlorite
	Humphreys series
	Rydberg series
	green hue of metamorphic minerals

9 True or False, A clay of the illite group that contains potassium and is formed by alteration of volcanic ash is called potassium bentonite.

	TRUE
	FALSE

10 A terrestrial planet is composed primarily of?

11 True or False, The XRS aboard the MESSENGER spacecraft maps mineral composition.

	TRUE
	FALSE

12 Complete the text:

At its effective temperature of 1250 K, the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet 51 Pegasus B has clouds composed of

and

13 Yes or No, Bentonites are clay rocks consisting predominantly of smectite.

	Yes
	No

14 Soil samples from the mare of the Moon reflect primarily cyan due to the presence in the soils of what?

15 Yes or No, Extensive bentonite deposits, linked to large eruptions, have formed repeatedly in the past.

	Yes
	No

16 Phenomena associated with some meteorites?

	have a gaseous surface
	long nickel-iron crystals
	octahedrite
	kamacite
	taenite
	plessite

17 Yes or No, Bentonite layers are useful for stratigraphic correlation and for interpreting the geodynamic evolution of our planet.

	Yes
	No

18 Purpurite is a natural mineral pigment composed of what likely source of violet or purple?

19 Yes or No, Bentonites generally form by diagenetic or hydrothermal alteration, favoured by fluids that leach alkali elements and by high Mg content.

	Yes
	No

20 True or False, Smectite composition is partly controlled by parent rock chemistry.

	TRUE
	FALSE

21 Any remnants of the natural phenomena and processes associated with the action of volcanoes, geysers and fumaroles, especially any remnants of past volcanic activity, are called?

22 Yes or No, Greenstone belts are zones of variably metamorphosed mafic to ultramafic volcanic sequences.

	Yes
	No

23 Which of the following is involved in planetary astronomy more so than planetary science?

	the occurrence of cyan rock types on the surface of rocky objects
	the Earth and other rocky objects have a cyan mineral containing mantle
	checking equations about complex systems
	the advantages of a 490 nm band pass
	digging holes in the surface of the Moon
	surface temperatures low enough to produce methane lakes

24 Yes or No, In contrast to the Proterozoic, Archean rocks are often heavily metamorphized deep-water sediments, such as graywackes, mudstones, volcanic sediments and banded iron formations.

	Yes
	No

25 Silicates occur as part of the rocky surface beneath a visually opaque cloud layer on what planet?

26 Early Archean serpentine mud volcanoes occur in Isua?

27 True or False, Optical reflectance studies of Mercury provide evidence for Mg silicates.

	TRUE
	FALSE

28 Which of the following are radiation astronomy phenomena associated with the apparent liquid-object Earth?

	rain
	snow
	hail
	neutron emission
	polar coronal holes
	meteor emission
	rotation

29 Yes or No, Isua's volcanic rocks carry boron-rich tourmalines.

	Yes
	No

30 Which of the following is not a radiation phenomenon associated with a crater?

	strata
	elongated dust particles
	high albedo
	olivine
	Rayleighs
	volcanoes

31 Yes or No, Fort Portal is a tuff cone that is volcano number 223001, with a last known eruption dated to 4120 b2k.

	Yes
	No

32 Yes or No, The Hopi Buttes volcanic field consists of ~300 late Miocene volcanic centers within ~ 1800 km² of the field, located in northeastern Arizona.