Minerals is a lecture and an article from the school of geology. It is about solid, crystalline substances that occur in and compose astronomical objects. It focuses on materials that may occur on the surface of or associated with some astronomical objects.

An aesthetic cluster of gemmy, bright, cherry-red realgar crystals nicely attached to a bit of matrix. This piece is from the less well-known Royal Reward Mine of Washington. Credit: Rob Lavinsky.

You are free to take this quiz based on minerals at any time.

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Quiz

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1 Submillimeter radiances can be matched by models which include ice particles of?

2 With respect to protoplanetary disks what green mineral has been found?

3 Yes or No, There are green or green mineral containing meteorites.

Yes
No

4 Complete the text:

"In the green, the

of the pure

composition qualitatively appears a better

to the shape of the observed polarization curves."

5 True or False, The silicates used to model the cometary coma dust are olivene (Mg-rich is green) and the pyroxene, asbestos.

TRUE
FALSE

6 Moldavite is a mineral that may be associated with what green astronomy phenomenon?

predicting the end of the Earth
determine the accuracy of local computers
meteorite impacts
demonstrating that Venus was once a comet
predict when currently dormant volcanoes will erupt
green fireballs

7 True or False, A plume of water ice particles emanating from Enceladus is reaching altitudes as high as 400 km above the surface.

TRUE
FALSE

8 A terrestrial planet is composed primarily of?

9 True or False, Olivine is a silicate mineral that may be detected in cometary coma dust with green astronomy.

TRUE
FALSE

10 Azurite is a natural pigment composed of what likely source of blue?

11 True or False, The XRS aboard the MESSENGER spacecraft maps mineral composition.

TRUE
FALSE

12 Complete the text:

At its effective temperature of 1250 K, the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet 51 Pegasus B has clouds composed of

and

.

13 True or False, In olivines substituting values for y from 0 to 1 produces compositions ranging from fayalite to forsterite.

TRUE
FALSE

14 Which geochemical phenomena are associated with Earth?

weathering
lightning
calcium carbonate deposition in the oceans
uranium ions in its oceans
liquid methane oceans
silicate minerals

15 True or False, There are blue or blue mineral containing meteorites.

TRUE
FALSE

16 True or False, There are red or red mineral containing meteorites.

TRUE
FALSE

17 Phenomena associated with some meteorites?

have a gaseous surface
long nickel-iron crystals
octahedrite
kamacite
taenite
plessite

18 True or False, There are violet or violet mineral containing meteorites.

TRUE
FALSE

19 Purpurite is a natural mineral pigment composed of what likely source of violet or purple?

20 True or False, There are cyan or cyan mineral containing meteors or meteorites.

TRUE
FALSE

21 Tarapacaite is a natural mineral pigment composed of what likely source of yellow?

22 True or False, There are yellow or yellow mineral containing meteorites.

TRUE
FALSE

23 Red ochre is a natural pigment composed of what likely source of red?

24 True or False, There are orange or orange mineral containing meteorites.

TRUE
FALSE

25 Moldavite is a mineral that may be associated with what radiation astronomy phenomenon?

predicting the end of the Earth
determining the accuracy of local computers
meteorite impacts
demonstrating that Venus was once a comet
predicting when currently dormant volcanoes will erupt
fireballs

26 True or False, The planet Saturn exhibits a pale yellow hue due to ammonia crystals in its upper atmosphere.

TRUE
FALSE

27 Orpiment is a natural mineral pigment composed of what likely source of orange?

28 True or False, Optical reflectance studies of Mercury provide evidence for Mg silicates.

TRUE
FALSE

29 True or False, Water ice has been detected on the surface of an asteroid.

TRUE
FALSE


Hypotheses

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  1. Minerals are a generic for formation conditions.

See also

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{{Radiation astronomy resources}}