Social Victorians/People/Buckingham and Chandos

Also Known As

• Family name: Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville
• The title the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos was created (for the 4th time, this time with the Chandos) in 1822 and became extinct upon the death of the 3rd Duke, Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville on 26 March 1889.
• Duke of Buckingham and Chandos
  • Richard Plantagenet Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (17 January 1839 – 29 July 1861)
  • Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (29 July 1861 – 26 March 1889)
  • No 4th duke
• Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos
  • Caroline Harvey Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville (29 July 1861 – 28 February 1874)
  • Alice Anne Graham-Montgomery Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville (17 February 1885 – 26 March 1889 [3rd Duke died], 8 August 1894 [she remarried], 15 September 1931 [she died])
• Earl Temple of Stowe
  • William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton, 4th Earl Temple of Stowe (1892 – 28 March 1902)
• Family name: Egerton
• Earl Egerton
  • Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton (1897 – 16 March 1909)

Timeline

1850, Lady Mary Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville divorced Richard, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, which required a trial before and an act of Parliament. He had sold family properties in 1841 and 1847, was declared bankrupt in 1847, and in August–September 1848 sold in a very high-profile event the contents of the family estate, Stowe House.

1851 October 1, Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville and Caroline Harvey married at Langley, Buckinghamshire.

1870 December 29, William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton, 4th Earl Temple of Stowe and Helen Mabel Graham-Montgomery married.

1874 February 28, Caroline Harvey Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville died.

1882 August 3, Lady Anne Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville and George Rowley Hadaway married.

1884 November 4, Mary Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville and Luis Ferdinand Harry Courthorpe Morgan married.

1885 February 17, Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville and Alice Anne Graham-Montgomery married at St. Peter's Church, Eaton Square, Belgravia, in London.

1894 August 8, Anne (Alice Anne) Graham-Montgomery Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville married again, to Wilbraham Egerton, in the chapel at Lambeth Palace in London.

1897, sometime in 1897, Wilbraham Egerton, Baron Egerton was created Earl Egerton. The National Portrait Gallery identifies Alice, Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos as "later Lady Egerton," suggesting that it had not happened by 2 July 1897.

1897 July 2, Friday, the Duchess of Buckingham, Lord Egerton, and Lady Gore-Langton attended the Duchess of Devonshire's fancy-dress ball at Devonshire House. Mr. and Lady M. Greville also attended.

1904 December 15, Lady Gertrude Alice Temple-Gore-Langton and Major William Maurice Copland du Quesne Caillard married.

Alice, Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos (later Lady Egerton) in costume as Caterina Cornaro, Queen of Cyprus. ©National Portrait Gallery, London.

Costume at the Duchess of Devonshire's 2 July 1897 Fancy-dress Ball

Portrait of Catherine Cornaro, by Titian, 1542

Alice, Duchess of Buckingham

At the Duchess of Devonshire's fancy-dress ball, Alice, Duchess of Buckingham (at 155) sat at Table 4 at the first seating for supper. She attended the ball with her husband, Lord Wilbraham Egerton of Tatton (at 591) and Lady Gore-Langton (at 592) (probably Caroline Jemima Elizabeth Temple-Gore-Langton). Alice, Duchess of Buckingham was called the Duchess of Buckingham even though her husband, the 3rd Duke, had died in 1889.

The Westminster Gazette says, "The Duchess of Buckingham was imposing in light stamped green velvet with cap and sleeves of crimson velvet embroidered in pearls."

John Thomson's portrait of "Alice Anne (née Montgomery), Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos (later Lady Egerton) as Caterina Cornaro, Queen of Cyprus" in costume is photogravure #135 in the album presented to the Duchess of Devonshire and now in the National Portrait Gallery. The printing on the portrait says, "Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos as Caterina Cornaro Queen of Cyprus," with a Long S in Duchess.

Catherine Cornaro (25 November 1454 – 10 July 1510) ruled Cyprus first as regent when her husband James II died a year after they were married; she was pregnant with James III, who died after living only a year. She was controlled by Venice and Venetian merchants, even replaced for a while by the Duke of Savoy; Venice ultimately annexed Cyprus, which let her live in Venice and still be Queen, at least in name. In the 1840s, three operas were written about her, one by Gaetano Donizetti. The portrait of her (right) is not an original for the Duchess of Buckingham's dress, but it gives a sense of the woman.

Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton of Tatton in costume as the Doge Morosini. ©National Portrait Gallery, London.

Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton of Tatton

Alice, Duchess of Buckingham attended the ball with her second husband, Lord Wilbraham Egerton of Tatton (at 591).

The Westminster Gazette says, "Lord Egerton of Tatton wore a rich fourteenth century costume."

John Thomson's portrait of "Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton of Tatton as the Doge Morosini" in costume is photogravure #136 in the album presented to the Duchess of Devonshire and now in the National Portrait Gallery. The printing on the portrait says, "Lord Egerton as the Doge Morosini."

The Morosini family was important in the Republic of Venice and the Catholic Church beginning at the end of the 10th century. If the Westminster Gazette's dating of the costume as 14th century is correct, then he is Michele Morosini (1308 – 16 October 1382), Doge of Venice 10 June 1382 to his death, which was caused by the plague.

Lady Gore-Langton

Lady Gore-Langton (at 592) is probably Lady Gertrude Alice Gore-Langton, daughter of William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton, 4th Earl Temple of Stowe. Even with the remarriages, Lady Caroline Jemima Elizabeth Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville's surnames would not have changed to that degree or been abbreviated to Gore-Langton.

Mr. and Lady M. Grenville

One source — the Times — says that Mr. (at 470) and Lady M. Greville (at 469) were present at the ball. A search for Mr. M. Greville or Lady M. Greville in the British Newspaper Archive returns stories about Lady Mary Grenville, Lady Kinloss (which other newspaper stories spell Kinross). It seems possible, then, especially in the absence of any Lady M. Greville of the right age for the ball in any of the Greville families, that Lady M. Greville was in fact Lady Mary Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, Lady Kinloss, who married Luis Ferdinand Harry Courthorpe Morgan in 1884. He added Grenville to his name on 6 December 1890 (by Royal License), reinforcing the power of that name in the list of surnames, and would have reasonably been called Mr. or Major.

Demographics

• Nationality: British

Family

Family of Duke of Buckingham and Chandos

• Richard Plantagenet Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (11 February 1797 – 29 July 1861)
• Lady Mary Campbell (10 July 1795 – 28 June 1862)
  1. Lady Anna Eliza Mary Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville ( – 3 February 1879)
  2. Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (10 September 1823 – 26 March 1889)

• Lady Anna Eliza Mary Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville ( – 3 February 1879)
• William Henry Powell Gore-Langton (25 July 1824 – 11 December 1873)
  1. Lady Frances Anne Gore-Langton ( – 5 July 1907)
  2. William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton, 4th Earl Temple of Stowe (11 May 1847 – 28 March 1902)
  3. Lady Mary Jane Gore-Langton (1848 – 9 May 1923)
  4. Hon. Henry Powell Gore-Langton (14 December 1854 – 13 August 1913)
  5. Hon. Edward Grenville Gore-Langton (16 May 1858 – 16 March 1936)

• Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (10 September 1823 – 26 March 1889)
• Caroline Harvey (– 28 February 1874), his first wife

1. Mary Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, Lady Kinloss (30 September 1852 – 17 October 1944)
2. Lady Anne Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville Hadaway (25 October 1853 – 20 March 1890)
3. Caroline Jemima Elizabeth Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville (11 April 1858 – 25 May 1946)

• Anne (Alice Anne) Graham-Montgomery (29 September 1847 – 15 September 1931), Richard, 3rd Duke of Buckingham's second wife
• Wilbraham Edgerton (17 January 1832 – 16 March 1909)

• William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton, 4th Earl Temple of Stowe (11 May 1847 – 28 March 1902)
• Helen Mabel Graham-Montgomery ( – 21 November 1919)
  1. Algernon William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton, 5th Earl Temple of Stowe (9 November 1871 – 19 February 1940)
  2. Captain Hon. Chandos Graham Temple-Gore-Langton (8 September 1873 – 19 August 1921)
  3. Lady Gertrude Alice Temple-Gore-Langton (1874 – 23 November 1919)
  4. Lady Mabel Evelyn Temple-Gore-Langton (1876 – 11 January 1966)
  5. Lady Alice Mary Temple-Gore-Langton (1876 – 2 January 1961)
  6. Lady Frances Aline Temple-Gore-Langton (1877 – 20 March 1952)
  7. Lady Clare Violet Temple-Gore-Langton (1880 – 29 March 1966)
  8. Lt.-Cdr. Hon. Evelyn Arthur Grenville Temple-Gore-Langton (5 April 1884 – 7 June 1972)

Family of William Egerton

• Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton (17 January 1832 – 16 March 1909)
• Lady Mary Amherst (–1892)

1. Lady Gertrude Lucia Egerton (1861–1943)

• Anne (Alice Anne) Graham-Montgomery (29 September 1847 – 15 September 1931)

Relations

• William Stephen Temple-Gore-Langton, 4th Earl Temple of Stowe was the son of Lady Anna Eliza Mary Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville ( – 3 February 1879).

Notes and Questions

1. Lady Gertrude Gore-Langton did not marry until 15 December 1904; none of her sisters were married at this point, in fact. She was about 36 at the time of the 1897 ball.
2. Anne, Duchess of Buckingham is on the Buckingham and Chandos page, so some of the information about her is repeated here. They were already married, had married in fact 8 August 1894.