Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Therapy/Neuroprotection/Herbal Remedies

Research

2012

Kim et al evaluated 3,432 reported outcomes of controlled trials of Herbal Medicines (HM) in the treatment of PD.

From the 3432 of relevant literatures, 64 were included. We failed to suggest overall estimates of treatment effects on PD because of the wide heterogeneity of used herbal recipes and study designs in the included studies. When compared with placebo, specific effects were not observed in favor of HMs definitely. Direct comparison with conventional drugs suggested that there was no evidence of better effect for HMs. Many studies compared combination therapy with single active drugs and combination therapy showed significant improvement in PD related outcomes and decrease in the dose of anti-Parkinson's drugs with low adverse events rate.

The following list gives the compounds tested and the ingredients, where known.

Banisteriopsis Caapi extract

• Liquid extract of Banisteriopsis caapi vine

Bushenpingchan fang

• Polygoni Multiflori Radix 20g, Capreoli Cornu 1g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 15g, Bupleuri Radix 12g and Magnoliae Cortex 15g

Bushenyanggan fangyao

• Cistanches Herba 10 g, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 10 g, Corni Fructus 6 g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 10 g, Asparagi Radix 10 g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 10 g and Morindae Radix 10 g

Budushujingxifeng tang

• Astragali Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Angelica Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Spatholobi Caulis, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Pheretimae Corpus, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus, Chaenomelis Fructus, Puerariae Radix, Gazellae Cornu, Gynostemmae Herba and Hordei Fructus Germiniatus

Bushenhuoxie recipe

• Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Corni Fructus, Cistanches Herba, Lycii Fructus, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Acori Graminei Rhizoma, Scolopendra Corpus and Polygalae Radix

Cannador capsule

• Extract of Cannabis sativa

Chaihushugan san

• Bupleuri Radix, Cyperi Rhizoma, Ligustici Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Hirudo, Pheretimae Corpus and Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata

Chuzhan tang

• Scorpio 6g, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus 10g, Pheretimae Corpus 15g, Scolopendra Corpus 2 pieces, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 15g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Cicadae Periostracum 10g, Lycii Fructus 15g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 15g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g, Ligustici Rhizoma 10g and Carthami Flos 10g

Dingzhen tang_1

• Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 12g, Rehmanniae Radix 12g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 12g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 12g, Ligustici Rhizoma 9g, Astragali Radix 9g, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba 9g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 6g, Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix 6g, Saposhnikovia Radix 5g, Schizonepetae Spica 5g, Clematidis Radix 3g, Scorpio 3g and Asari Herba Cum Radix 3g

Dingzhen tang_2

• Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, Scorpio, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Rehmanniae Radix, Angelica Sinensis Radix, Ligustici Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Saposhnikovia Radix, Schizonepetae Spica, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Astragali Radix, Clematidis Radix, Cannabis Fructus, Cistanches Herba, Fossilia Ossis Mastodi and Ostreae Concha

Dingzhen tang_3

• Scorpio 6g, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus 10g, Pheretimae Corpus 12g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 12g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 12g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 20g, Ligustici Rhizoma 10g and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix 15g

Dingzhen tang_4

• Gazellae Cornu 30g, Fossilia Ossis Mastodi 15g, Ostreae Concha 15g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 15g, Ligustici Rhizoma 15g, Leonuri Herba 20g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 20g, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus 15g, Hordei Fructus Germiniatus 30g, Mori Folium 15g and Tribuli Fructus 15g

Dingzhan yin

• Polygoni Multiflori Radix 20g, Taxilli Ramulus 15g, Ligustici Rhizoma 15g, Ostreae Concha 30g, Arisaema Praeparatus cum Bile 10g, Euonymi Caulis Suberatum 10g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 30g and Scorpio 3g

Fufangjangzhan wan

• Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Rehmanniae Radix, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Paeonia albiflora, Angelica Sinensis Radix, Fossilia Ossis Mastodi, Ostreae Concha, Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Lycii Fructus, Spatholobi Caulis, Dendrobii Herba), Achyranthis Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix

Guilingpaan capsule

• Chinemydis Plastrum and Gazellae Cornu

Guilingpaan wan

• Chinemydis Gelatina, Gazellae Cornu, Scorpio, Clematidis Radix and Magnoliae Cortex

Jianpiyishen formula

• Corni Fructus 15g, Dioscoreae Rhizoma 15g, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus 15g, Eucommiae Cortex 15g, Poria(Hoelen) 15g, Lycii Fructus 12g, Morindae Radix 12g, Schizandrae Fructus 12g, Rubi Fructus 12g, Astragali Radix 20g, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba 20g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 20g, Polygoni Multiflori Radix 20g, Taxilli Ramulus 10g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g

Jiaweidadingfeng zhu

• Rehmanniae Radix, Asini Gelatinum, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Liriopes Radix, Corni Fructus, Chinemydis Plastrum, Trionycis Carapax, Ostreae Concha, Cannabis Fructus, Schizandrae Fructus, Scorpio, Pheretimae Corpus and Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata

Jiaweiguizhijiagegen tang

• Cinnamomi Ramulus 15g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 15g, Puerariae Radix 40g, Zizyphi Fructus 20g, Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata 5g and Rhei Rhizoma 15-20g

Kangpa granule

• no information on the composition available

Kangzhanning

• Chinemydis Plastrum 15g, Bombycidae 10g, Rehmanniae Radix 15g, Cicadae Periostracum 12g, Rhizoma Homalomenae 12g, Chaenomelis Fructus 12g, Acanthopanacis Cortex 15g, Carthami Flos 0.5g, Dragon's Teeth 15g, Bambusae Caulis In Taeniam 12g, Scolopendra Corpus, Agkistrodon and Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata 6g

Lemai granule

• no information on the composition available.

Naokangning capsule

• Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus, Ostreae Concha and Ligustici Rhizoma

Nuzhenyangyin granule

• Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus, Ligustici Rhizoma, Magnoliae Cortex, Liriopes Radix, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus, Angelica Sinensis Radix, Trichosanthis Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Glycyrrhizae Radix

Pabing formula 1

• Mume Fructus 10g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 10g, Corni Fructus 6g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 10g, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 10g, Puerariae Radix 10g, Coptidis Rhizoma 3g, Ligustici Rhizoma 6g, Acori Graminei Rhizoma 6g and Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata 3g

Pabing formula 2

• Mume Radix Preparat 10g, Puerariae Radix 10g, Coptidis Rhizoma 3g, Ligustici Rhizoma 6g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 6g, Acori Graminei Rhizoma 6g and Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata 3g

Pabing formula 3

• Mume Fructus 10g, Coptidis Rhizoma 3g, Cinnamomi Ramulus 6g, Codonopsis Pilosulae Radix 10g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 10g, Ligustici Rhizoma 6g, Acori Graminei Rhizoma 6g and Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata 3g

Peibuganshen recipe

• Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Cistanches Herba, Lycii Fructus, Gastrodiae Rhizoma and Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus

Qingxinhuatan tang

• Nelumbinis Plumula 9g, Coptidis Rhizoma 5g, Polygalae Radix 6g, Arisaema Praeparatus cum Bile 9g, Acori Graminei Rhizoma 12g, Notoginseng Radix 6g, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba 9g, Bambusae Caulis In Taeniam 9g and Styrax Liquides 6g

Rougantongluo tang

• Polygoni Multiflori Radix 15g, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus 30g, Mori Fructus 30g, Lycii Fructus 30g, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 10g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g, and Scorpio 3g

Shudipingzhan tang (1) plus Xiewu capsule (2)

• (`1) Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 15g, Lycii Fructus 15g, Taxilli Ramulus 20g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 15g, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus 10g, Zedoariae Rhizoma 15g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g and Arisaematis Rhizoma 15g (2) Scorpio and Scolopendra Corpus

Shujinjiedu formula_1

• Spatholobi Caulis, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Scorpio, Paeoniae Radix Alba and Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma

Shujinjiedu formula_2

• Chinemydis Plastrum, Hirudo, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix

Tongxinluo capsule (1)plus Liuweidihuang wan(2).

• (1) no information on the composition available
• (2) Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Corni Fructus, Alismatis Rhizoma, Poria(Hoelen) and Moutan Cortex.

Wuhuzhuifeng san

• Cicadae Periostracum, Arisaematis Rhizoma, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Scorpio and Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus

Xifengdingzhan tang

• Chinemydis Plastrum 15g, Polygoni Multiflori Radix 12g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus 9g, Acori Graminei Rhizoma 9g, Ligustici Rhizoma 10g and Paeoniae Radix Alba 10g

Xifengdingzhan wan

• Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Chinemydis Plastrum, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus, Acori Graminei Rhizoma, Ligustici Rhizoma and Paeoniae Radix Alba

Yangganxifeng recipe

• Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 24g, Dioscoreae Rhizoma 12g Lycii Fructus 15g, Corni Fructus 15g, Achyranthis Radix 15g, Cuscutae Semen 15g, Chinemydis Plastrum 15g, Cervi Cornus Colla 15g, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix 15g, Carthami Flos 10g, Polygoni Multiflori Radix 15g, Astragali Radix 15g, Gypsum Fibrosum 21g, Scrophulariae Radix 15g, Veratri Nigri Rhizoma et Radix 21g and Glycyrrhizae Radix 3g

Yiguan jian plus Dabuyin wan

• Chinemydis Plastrum 30g, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 30g, Adenophorae Radix 10g, Liriopes Radix 10g, Lycii Fructus 15g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 10g, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma 12g and Phellodendri Cortex 10g

Xifengzhizhan tang

• Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 15g, Corni Fructus 10g, Polygonati Rhizoma 10g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 10g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 15g, Astragali Radix 15g, Poria(Hoelen) 15g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus 10g, Ostreae Concha 20g, Cistanches Herba 12g, Cinnamomi Cortex Spissus 1.5g, Taxilli Ramulus 15g, Citrus medica L.var.sarcodactylis 10g and Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata 6g

Yizhan tang

• Corni Fructus, Acori Graminei Rhizoma, Epimedi Herba, Cistanches Herba, Lycii Fructus, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix and Scolopendra Corpus

Zengxiao Anshen Zhichan 2 recipe

• Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Corni Fructus, Fossilia Ossis Mastodi, Asparagi Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Chinemydis Plastrum, Cistanches Herba, Puerariae Radix, Arisaema Praeparatus cum Bile, Scorpio, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Pheretimae Corpus, Acori Graminei Rhizoma and Curcumae Longae Rhizoma

ZhenChan shu

• Paeoniae Radix Alba, Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata, Puerariae Radix and Magnoliae Cortex

Zhenchan tang

• Chinemydis Plastrum, Hirudo, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix

Zhichanshudu tang

• Chinemydis Plastrum 20g, Scrophulariae Radix 20g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 15g, Eucommiae Cortex 15g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 15g, Achyranthis Radix 15g, Lycii Fructus 15g, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 15g, Liriopes Radix 15g and Glycyrrhizae Radix 15g

Zhizhan tang

• Anemarrhenae Rhizoma 9g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 18g, Astragali Radix 20g, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix 20g, Cimicifugae Rhizoma 9g and Rhei Rhizoma 9g.

Zibuganshen recipe

• Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 10g, Lycii Fructus 12g, Taxilli Ramulus 20g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 15g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 15g, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus 9g, Pheretimae Corpus 12g, Ligustici Rhizoma 12g, Zedoariae Rhizoma 9g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 20g, Arisaematis Rhizoma 15g, Scolopendra Corpus 1.5g and Scorpio 1.5g

Zibuganshen、Huoxiexifeng recipe

• Polygoni Multiflori Radix 30g, Rehmanniae Radix 10g, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 10g, Scrophulariae Radix 20g, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix 20g, Paeoniae Radix Rubra 15g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 15g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 15g, Fossilia Ossis Mastodi 30g, Ostreae Concha 30g and Tribuli Fructus 10g

Ziyinxifeng granule

• Rhinemydis Plastrum 20g, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix 20g, Cervi Cornus Degelatinatum 12g, Corni Fructus 12g, Dioscoreae Rhizoma 12g, Eucommiae Cortex 12g, Ligustici Rhizoma 12g, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 24g, Margaritifera Usta Concha 30g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 15g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 15g and Glycyrrhizae Radix Praeparata 15g

Ziyinxifenghuoxie tang

• Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 24g, Corni Fructus 12g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 15g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 15g and Ligustici Rhizoma 12g

Herbal recipe_no name

• Margaritifera Usta Concha 60g, Gazellae Cornu 1.5g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 15g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 15g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 6g, Paeoniae Radix Rubra 10g, Ligustici Rhizoma 10g, Persicae Semen 6g, Carthami Flos 6g, Spatholobi Caulis 15g, Bombycis Corpus cum Batryticatus 10g, Pheretimae Corpus 15g, Scorpio 3g, Scolopendra Corpus 1 piece, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 15g, Lycii Fructus 15g, Corni Fructus 15g, Polygoni Multiflori Radix 15g, Eucommiae Cortex 15g and Taxilli Ramulus 15g

Individualized herbal recipe-1

• Dadingfeng zhu: Herbal formula, mainly composed of 10 herbs(Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g, Rehmanniae Radix 30g, Schizandrae Fructus 15g, Dioscoreae Rhizoma 15g, Liriopes Radix 15g, Chinemydis Plastrum 30g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 15g, Corni Fructus 12g, Moutan Cortex 10g and Scorpio10g)

Individualized herbal recipe-2.

• Rencanyangrong tang he tianmagouteng tang: Herbal formula, mainly composed of 10 herbs (Pseudostellariae Radix 20g, Poria(Hoelen) 10g, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba 10g, Angelica Sinensis Radix 15g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat 15g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 15g, Astragali Radix 15g and bi Caulis 20g)

Individualized herbal recipe-3

• Huanglianwendan tang he tianmagouteng tang: Herbal formula, mainly composed of 12 herbs (Coptidis Rhizoma 10g, Scutellariae Radix 10g, Arisaema Praeparatus cum Bile 12g, Pinelliae Rhizoma 10g, Fructus Trichosanthis 15g, Acori Calami Rhizoma 15g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 15g, Haliotidis Concha 30g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g, Chaenomelis Fructus 15g and Scolopendra Corpus 2 pieces)

Individualized herbal recipe-4

• Xiefuzhuyu tang he tianmagouteng yin: Herbal formula, mainly composed of 11 herbs (Rehmanniae Radix 15g, Paeoniae Radix Alba 30g, Paeoniae Radix Rubra 15g, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix 30g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma 10g, Pheretimae Corpus 10g, Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus 12g, Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium 10g, Bupleuri Radix 15g, Achyranthis Radix 15g and Lycopodii Herba 20g)

References

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