Fundamentals of Neuroscience/Exams/Quiz I

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1 All of these are subfields of neuroscience EXCEPT:

	Neurology
	Neuropharmacology
	Computational neuroscience
	Nephrology
	Neuroimaging

2 What is the part of the neuron which primarily receives signals?

	Axon
	Dendrite
	Myelin
	Cell body

3 A sensory neuron located in the hand would be considered a:

	Peripheral afferent neuron
	Peripheral efferent neuron
	Central afferent neuron
	Central efferent neuron

4 What cell in the brain is capable of phagocytoisis as part of immune function?

	Schwann Cells
	Oligidendroctyes
	Microglia
	Macroglia

5 All of these are functions of glia cells EXCEPT:

	Synthesizing neurotransmitters
	Maintaining a proper ionic milieu
	Promoting neuron survival
	Synthesizing myelin

6 Control of the body's voluntary muscles is orchestrated by the:

	Sympathetic nervous system
	Parasympathetic nervous system
	Autonomic nervous system
	Somatic nervous system

7 Rapid heart-rate, sweating, dilated pupils, and faster breathing indicate activation of this nervous system branch:

	Sympathetic nervous system
	Parasympathetic nervous system
	Peripheral nervous system
	Somatic nervous system

8 Select all of the following which are closely related to the action of the neurotransmitter dopamine:

	Reward circuits
	Sleep
	Memory
	Impulse control
	Inhibition

9 T/F: There is a higher concentration of sodium ions (Na+) outside the cell than inside.

	True
	False

10 What is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system?

	Glutamate
	GABA
	Acetylcholine
	Dopamine
	Sertonin

11 Opening a potassium ion (K+) channel would have what effect on the neuron's membrane potential?

	Depolarization
	Hyperpolarization
	Firing of an action potential

12 Many insecticides and nerve agents work by blocking the degradation of acetylcholine in the synapse. What effect would this have on the cells?

	The presynaptic neuron would run out of acetyl choline and no longer be able to signal the postynaptic neuron
	As levels of acetylcholine rise, it would be toxic to the cells
	Acetycholine would keep telling the postsynaptic neuron to fire, leading to uncontrolled firing

13 What is the "all-or-none" principle of synaptic transmission?

	When neurotransmitters is released, it will either open all of the sodium channels or none of them depending on how much is released
	If the membrane potential exceeds a certain threshold, then the cell will send a single signal, otherwise it will send none
	If the excitation is strong enough to trigger an action potential, then a hyperpolarization phase must ensure, otherwise no hyperpolarization will occur

14 Because the resting potential is _______, depolarization means __________ while hyperpolarization means __________.

	negative, more positive, more negative
	negative, more negative, more positive
	positive, more positive, more negative
	positive, more negative, more positive

15 T/F: The corpus callosum is made of grey matter

	True
	False

16 Select all of the following brain structures that exist as pairs in the brain:

	Hippocampus
	Temporal lobe
	Hypothalamus
	Thalamus
	Amygdala

17 All of the following are considered part of the brain stem EXCEPT:

	Cerebellum
	Midbrain
	Pons
	Medulla

18 Select all of the following which are functions of the hypothalamus:

	Feeding
	Fighting
	Fleeing
	Fornicating

19 Select all of the following brain regions which are correctly matched to their function:

	Thalamus- relaying information between the two brain hemispheres
	Midbrain- regulating sleep
	Amygdala- modulating heart rate and respiration
	Cortex- complex cognitive processes
	Cerebellum- fine-tuning motion

20 Select all of the following brain regions which are (still) correctly matched to their function:

	Occipital lobe- motion detection and color perception
	Temporal lobe- emotion and fear responses
	Parietal lobe- spatial awareness
	Cerebrum- Memory formation