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Examples and Nonexamples of Performance Phrases

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When constructing the performance phrase for a learning objective, ask the following three questions:

  • Is the performance a main intent of the instruction?
  • Is the performance observable? (If it is not overt, can an indicator verb be used that is observable)
  • Is the performance measurable?

Nonexamples of Performance Phrases

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  • Know the Law of Gravity
  • Understand the evolutionary process
  • Appreciate Grunge music
  • Learn the correct steps to CPR

These verbs have been used on examples from classes you have taken before. The actions in these performance phrases are neither observable nor measurable. When the learning goal is covert, then an indicator must be used that is observable.

If we want them to know the law of gravity, a better representation would be to

  • State the Law of Gravity (knowledge)
  • Describe how the Law of Gravity affects a falling object (comprehension)
  • Demonstrate the Law of Gravity by jumping out of an airplane (application)

Phonebein 04:33, 2 April 2008 (UTC) Well done.

Examples of Performance Phrases

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  • Knowledge
    • State Newton's Third Law
    • List Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction
    • Define Instructional Technology


  • Comprehension
    • Describe the Accident Investigation Process
    • Summarize the main point of the article
    • Translate the sentence into Spanish


  • Application
    • Solve the following equation
    • Apply Honebein's theory of scaffolding Phonebein 04:34, 2 April 2008 (UTC) Honebein doesn't have a theory of scaffolding. He uses Collins et als. Plus, you gotta spell Honebein's name correctly :) (OOPS!)
    • Demonstrate the law of gravity


  • Analysis
    • Differentiate between a normal red blood cell and a sickle cell
    • Detect the error in grammar in the following statement
    • Analyze the sequence of events for the system defect


  • Synthesis
    • Formulate your own theory of instruction
    • Design an instructional strategies table
    • Create a lesson in wikiversity


  • Evaluation
    • Assess the learning objective
    • Choose the best mousetrap car
    • Evaluate the effectiveness of an instructional strategy
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