As the Sun, Moon, and planets seem to move around the Earth, they remain close to a circle, called the ecliptic, that can be drawn on paper or imagined in the sky. The Babylonians divided this circle into 12 equal sections of 30 degrees each, and labeled the sections after the zodiacal constellations.}
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As the Sun, Moon, and planets seem to move around the Earth, they remain close to a circle, called the ecliptic, that can be drawn on paper or imagined in the sky. The Babylonians divided this circle into 12 unequal sections of approximately 30 degrees each, and labeled the sections after the zodiacal constellations.}
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The Egyptians added 5 days to the "perfect" Sothic calendary
Sothic calendar was an Egyptian calendar with twelve months of 30 days plus five intercalary days to keep the year synchronous with the four seasons. }
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The Saros cycle was (ancient) Babylonian NOT Egyptian
Evidence suggests that it was not possible to set the Antikythera device without referring to a written table to ascertain the dial settings for a given date.}
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The instructions included compensation for leap years
How did the Antikythera mechanism compensate for leap years?}
+ Two concentric dials were independently adjusted by hand; one dial marked a 365 day calendar, and the other marked the position of the Sun with respect to the ecliptic.
- Two concentric dials were independently adjusted by a differential gear; one dial marked a 365 day calendar, and the other marked the position of the Sun with respect to the ecliptic.
- There was no need to compensate for the leap year because the Sothic calendar included a leap year every four years.