Let G {\displaystyle {}G} be a group, and let H ⊆ G {\displaystyle {}H\subseteq G} denote a subgroup. H {\displaystyle {}H} is called a normal subgroup if
holds for all x ∈ G {\displaystyle {}x\in G} , that is, if every left coset of x {\displaystyle {}x} coincides with the right coset of x {\displaystyle {}x} .