Spanish 2/Chapter 5 (Errands)

Chapter 5 (Errands)

Places in the community

banco - bank
centro - downtown
consultorio - doctor's/dentist's office
estación de servicio - service (gas) station
farmacia - pharmacy
supermercado - supermarket

Mail

buzón - mailbox
carta - letter
echar una carta - to mail a letter
correo - post office
enviar - to send
sello - stamp
sobre - envelope
tarjeta - card

Note: Enviar has a stem-change of i to í.

Sports Equipment

equipo deportivo - sports equipment
palo de golf - golf club
patines - skates
pelota - ball
raqueta de tenis - tennis racket

Personal care

cepillo de dientes - toothbrush
champú - shampoo
jabón - soap
pasta dental - toothpaste

Excuses

se me olvidó - I forgot

Errands

cajero automático - bank money machine, ATM
cerrar - to close
cobrar un cheque - to cash a check
cuidar a - to take care of
dentista - dentist
devolver - to return
gasolina - gasoline
ir a pie - to go on foot
llenar - to fill
médico(a) - doctor
sacar - to take out, to check out
se abre - opens
se cierra - closes

Note: Cerrar has a stem-change of e to ie. Dentista is either masculine or feminine. Devolver has a stem-change of o to ue.

Other words

caramba - good gracious
casi - almost
¡Cómo no! - Of course!
en seguida - right away
hasta - until
por - for
pronto - soon
Hasta pronto. - See you soon.
quedarse - to stay
todavía - still
varios(as) - various, several

Note: caramba is not used as often as other expressions of the same meaning, such as ¡Caray!.

Preterite of ir and ser

In the preterite tense, ir and ser have the same form.

fui - I went, I was
fuiste - you went, you were (singular)
fue - he/she went, he/she was
fuimos - we went, we were
fuisteis - you went, you were (plural)
fueron - they went, they were

Preterite of tener, estar, and poder

The preterite forms of tener, estar, and poder follow a similar pattern to that of hacer learned in Spanish 1.

tener

tuve - I had
tuviste - you had (singular)
tuvo - he/she had
tuvimos - we had
tuvisteis - you had
tuvieron - they had

estar

estuve - I was
estuviste - you were (singular)
estuvo - he/she were
estuvimos - we were
estuvisteis - you were (plural)
estuvieron - they were

poder

pude - I could
pudiste - you could (singular)
pudo - he/she could
pudimos - we could
pudisteis - you could (plural)
pudieron - they could

Direct object pronouns

Remember that a direct object tells who or what receives the action of the verb. To avoid repeating a direct object noun, you can replace itwith a direct object pronoun. In English, it, him, and her are direct object pronouns. Remember the Spanish direct object pronouns?

lo - it, him, you (masculine/singular)
la - it, him, you (feminine/singular)
los - them, you (masculine/plural)
las - them, you (feminine/plural)

Direct object pronouns have the same gender and number as the nouns they replace and come right before the conjugated verb.

ex.: ¿Ayudaste a tu hermana en la tienda? Sí, la ayudé.

When an infinitive follows a verb, the direct object pronoun can be placed before the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive.

ex.: No pude sacarlo.

Vocabulario adicional

Community

asilo para ancianos - senior citizen home
ayuntamiento - city hall
centro cultural - cultural center
centro de salud - health center

Sports equipment

anteojos de esquí/de natación - goggles
balón - ball (use as specific topic in place of pelota)
bate de béisbol - baseball bat
casco - helmet
guante de béisbol - baseball glove
uniforme del equipo - team uniform

The bank

billete - bill
cambio - change
cuenta corriente - checking account
depositar un cheque - to deposit a check

The post office

correo aéreo - air mail
correo urgente - express mail
sobre - envelope

Cultural Insight

El Rastro in Madrid.

Mercados al aire libre In Spanish-speaking countries, open-aired markets are very popular. They are places where one can buy and sell all kinds of items, such as food, fruits and vegetables, crafts, and clothing. Items are usually placed where one can view them on the street. Open-aired markets are popular places to spend time with friends and family, to dine, and to just go sightseeing. Mexico's native Aztecs were famous for their open-aired markets and they have continued to be popular in Mexico City. Spain also has its own famous open-aired market, El Rastro.

Mercados sobre ruedas In some Spanish speaking countries, some markets that go around are also popular. Called mercados sobre ruedas, literally meaning markets on wheels, these markets usually deal in consumer products such as dairy products, fruits, vegetables, and others. These markets on wheels switch location each day of the week, so that they have various locations on which they set shop depending on what day of the week it is. To learn more about an open market check this Prezi: https://prezi.com/boixzckycpfe/mercados-al-aire-libre-en-latinoamerica/