Spanish 2/Chapter 10 (Accidents)

Chapter 10 (Accidents)

Medical conditions and treatments

doler - to hurt
dolor - pain
enfermero(a) - nurse
examinar - to examine, to check
inyección - injection, shot
poner una inyección - to give an injection
medicina - medicine
muletas - crutches
pastillas - pills
puntadas - stitches
dar puntadas - to stitch
radiografía - X-ray
sacar una radiografía - to take an X-ray
receta - prescription
recetar - to prescribe
roto(a) - broken
sala de emergencia - emergency room
sangre - blood
silla de ruedas - wheelchair
venda - bandage
yeso - cast

Note: Doler has a stem-change of o to ue. Sangre is a feminine noun.

Accidents

accidente - accident
ambulancia - ambulance
caerse - to fall
me caigo - I fall
te caes - you fall
se cayó - he/she fell
se cayeron - they/you fell
chocar con - to crash into, to collide with
cortarse - to cut oneself
lastimarse - to hurt oneself
¿Qué te pasó? - What happened to you?
romperse - to break, to tear
torcerse - to twist, to sprain
tropezar - to trip

Body parts

codo - elbow
cuello - neck
espalda - back
hombro - shoulder
hueso - bone
muñeca - wrist
músculo - muscle
rodilla - knee
tobillo - ankle

Other words

moverse - to move
pobrecito(a) - poor thing
¡Qué lástima! - What a shame!
sentirse - to feel

Note: Moverse has a stem-change of o to ue. Sentirse has a stem-change of e to ie.

Preterite of venir

The verb venir follows the same pattern in the preterite as estar, tener, and poder. All of these verbs have irregular stems and have unaccented endings.

vine - I came
viniste - you came (singular)
vino - he/she came
vinimos - we came
vinisteis - you came (plural)
vinieron - they came

Preterite of decir and traer

Decir and traer have the same irregular stems and unaccented endings as venir.

(decir)

dije - I said
dijiste - you said (singular)
dijo - he/she said
dijimos - we said
dijisteis - you said (plural)
dijeron - they said

(traer)

traje - I brought
trajiste - you brought (singular)
trajo - he/she brought
trajimos - we brought
trajisteis - you brought (plural)
trajeron - they brought

Preterite of poner

Poner is another preterite that follows the same verbs as the three previous verbs.

puse - I placed
pusiste - you placed (singular)
puso - he/she placed
pusimos - we placed
pusisteis - you placed (plural)
pusieron - they placed

Imperfect progressive tense

Use the imperfect tense forms of estar + the present participle to say that something was taking place over a period of time in the past.

Present participles

•-ar: stem + -ando → caminando (walking)
•-er: stem + -iendo → corriendo (running)
•-ir: stem + -iendo → escribiendo (writing)

Note: Remember earlier in the course you learned irregular present participles.

Vocabulario adicional

alergia - allergy
análisis - medical test
antibiótico - antibiotic
aspirina - aspirin
camilla - stretcher
cirujano(a) - surgeon
estar resfriado - to have a cold
estornudar - to sneeze
fiebre - fever
fractura - fracture
gripe - flu
hinchazón - swelling
jarabe - cough syrup
lesión - injury
oído - (inner) ear
operación - operation
pecho - chest
picadura - sting
sufrir - to suffer
tos - cough

Note: Fiebre, gripe, and tos are feminine nouns.

Cultural Insight (Seguridad Social y los servicios médicos)

Starting in the 20th Century, many Latin American countries created a Social Security system and offered low-cost or free health care to citizens. When a worker becomes sick or has an accident and can't work, their Social Security can help with medical bills and they can still receive their salaries. If the sickness is permanent, Social Security can pay the worker's pension and basic medical services and if the worker dies, Social Security will help the family. Social Security services include hospitals, medicine, and senior care.

In Costa Rica, Seguridad Social services begins when a citizen turns 50 years old and today 98% of the population is eligible for it. In Spain, the system's services begin when one turns 60 years old and covers the entire population, including legal immigrants and long-time residents. Universal healthcare in Spanish-speaking countries is available in Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Panama, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela for all citizens and is avaliable for the entire population including citizens, legal immigrants, and long-time residents in Spain. Universal healthcare is still a widely debated issue in Mexico, the United States, and Colombia.