Reproductive health/Glandular system

Exocrinology edit

Exocrine organs are glands with ducts.

Mammary gland and montgomery's glands are two exocrine organs.

Endocrinology edit

Endocrine organs are ductless glands.

Hypothalamus edit

The hypothalamus regulates hormone cycles. Neuroestradiol,[1] gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) ,[2] and gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH)[2] are produced in the hypothalamus. Glucocorticoids produced by the adrenal gland due to stress promote GnIH and inhibit GnRh.[2]

Pituitary (hypophysis) edit

There is a link connecting the posterior pituitary to the anterior by a vein and to the hypothalamus.

Anterior (adenohypophysis) edit

Prolactin and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) are produced in the Anterior hypothalamus (adenohypophysis). MSH is responsible for pigments.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) regulates the thyroid gland: its growth and its functions.[3]

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACSH) regulates the adrenal gland and provides its cue for the hormone regulation of cortisol.[3]

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is responsible for estrogen.[3]Lutenizing hormone (LH) is also responsible for estrogen, along with testosterone, and progestin.[3] FSH and LH are gonadotrophins, and their production is controlled by either GnIH or GnRh.[4]

Somatotropin is responsible for overall growth.[3]

Posterior (neurohypophysis) edit

The hypothalamus regulates the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis), which in turn regulates the anterior pituitary.[3] Oxytocin and vassopressin (ADH) are made here in the neurohypophysis.

Adrenal glands edit

Glucocorticoids are produced by the adrenal glands.[2]

Corpus luteum edit

The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine organ that produces progesterone which is signaled by prolactin.[5]

See also edit

References edit

  1. Adetunji (December 2013), "The brain also produces the sex hormone oestrogen", JCEM, The Conversation, doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2140Adetunji (December 2013), "The brain also produces the sex hormone oestrogen", The Journal of Neuroscience, The Conversation, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3878-13.2013
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Sanders (June 2009), "Stress puts double whammy on reproductive system, fertility", PNAS, University of California - Berkeley
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "Pituitary gland". Britannica. (2012).
  4. Sanders (December 2009), "New human reproductive hormone could lead to novel contraceptives", PLoS ONE, University of California - Berkeley
  5. "Prolactin". Encyclopedia Britannica. (2012).

External links edit