| | Programming paradigm (fundamental style): OOP, imperative (emphasizing state changes) and functional (emphasizing use of functions) |
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| | Functional programming example: int sum = Enumerable.Range(1, 9).Where(i => i % 2 == 0).Sum(); |
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| | Imperative programming example: for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) if (i % 2 == 0) sum += i; |
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| | OOP: using objects in programming with object data fields, methods and their interaction |
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| | OOP features: data abstraction, encapsulation, message passing, modularity, polymorphism, and inheritance |
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| | Abstraction: what to expose, what to hide |
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| | Data abstraction: factoring out details |
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| | Information hiding: the principle of segregation of the design decisions |
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| | Information hiding example: Weights.Compare(Weight argWeight1, Weight argWeight1) |
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| | Encapsulation: enclosing in a capsule or object, a technique in information hiding |
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| | Encapsulation example: Box box1 = new Box(); if (box1.Heavier(box2)) { } |
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| | Messaging passing: objects or processes can wait for messages from others |
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| | Process synchronization: multiple processes agreeing to a sequence of action |
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| | Modularity: separation of concerns (features and behaviors) |
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| | Coupling: degree of interdependencies between modules or classes |
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| | Cohesion: how much functions or methods within a module are related to another |
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| | Low coupling: classes should loosely dependent like lego pieces |
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| | High cohesion: methods highly related like jigsaw puzzle pieces |
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| | Low coupling and high cohesion: classes like lego, methods like jigsaw puzzle |
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| | Polymorphism: objects from different types responding to calls by the same name, e.g. operator overloading for addition |
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| | Inheritance: code reuse by establishing a subtype from an existing object |
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| | Inheritance example: class Employee extends Resident extends Person |
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| | Method overriding: providing a method with same name, signature, and return type as that of the parent class |
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| | Keyword 'internal' in C#: Friend in C++ is not your friend |
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