Prosocial behavior/Keywords/Definitions

Altruistic helping is when a helper seeks to increase another’s welfare and expects nothing in return.
Audience inhibition is failure to help in front of others for fear of feeling like a fool if one’s offer of help is reject.
Belief in a just world is the assumption that life is essentially fair, that people generally get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
Bystander effect is the finding that people are less likely to offer help when they are in a group than when they are alone.
Conformity is going along with the crowd.
Cooperation is when each person does his or her part, and together they work toward a common goal.
Diffusion of responsibility is the reduction in feeling responsible that occurs when others are present.
Egoistic helping is when a helper seeks to increase his or her own welfare by helping another.
Empathy is reacting to another person’s emotional state by experiencing the same emotional state.
Empathy-altruism hypothesis is the proposition that empathy motivates people to reduce other people’s distress, as by helping or comforting.
Forgiveness is ceasing to feel angry toward or seek retribution against someone who has wronged you.
Informational social influence is the pressure to accept the actions or statements of others as evidence about reality.
Kin selection is the evolutionary tendency to help people who have our genes.
Negative state relief theory is the proposition that people help others in order to relieve their own distress.
Non-zero-sum game is an interaction in which both participants can win (or lose).
Normative social influence is pressure to conform to the positive expectations or action of other people.
Norms are standards established by society to tell its members what types of behaviour are typical and expected.
Obedience is following orders from an authority figure.
Overbenefited is getting more than you deserve.
Pluralistic ignorance is looking to others for cues about how to behave, while they are looking to you; collective misinterpretation.
Private attitude change is altering one’s internal attitude.
Prosocial behaviour is doing something that is good for other people or for society as a whole.
Public conformity is going along with crowd outwardly, regardless of what one privately believes.
Reciprocity is the obligation to return in kind what another has done for us.
Sensitivity about being the target of a threatening upward comparison is an interpersonal concern about the consequences of outperforming others.
Survivor guilt is feeling bad for having lived through a terrible experience in which many others died.
Underbenefited is getting less than you deserve.
Zero-sum game is a situation in which one person’s gain is another’s loss.