Prejudice/Keywords/Categories

Definition

• ABC = Affect (predjudice), Behaviour (discrimination), Cognition (stereotype)

In-groups and out-groups

• Contact hypothesis
• Discrimination
• In-group favouritism
• Minimal group effect
• Out-group homogeneity bias
• Super-ordinate goals

Inter-group conflict

• Overcoming prejudice and stereotypes
  • Conscious override
  • Contact
    • Equal status
    • Positive
    • Outgroup members must be perceived as typical
  • Discrimination in reverse
  • Motives for overcoming prejudice
    • Internal
    • External
  • Superordinate goals

Stereotypes

• Rationalisation for oppression
• Heuristics

Theories / Causes

• Confirmation bias
• Competition (Realistic conflict theory (Frustration-aggression))
• Discontinuity effect (groups are more hostile than individuals)
• Heuristics (Cognitive shortcuts / Cognitive miser)
• Ignorance (Contact theory)
• Salience
• Scapegoat theory
• Self-categorisation theory
• Social categorisation
• Social identity theory
• Self-esteem
• Self-fulfilling prophecy
• Self-defeating prophecy / Stereotype threat
• Self-serving bias
• Stress

Types

• Ageism
• Anti-gay / homophobia
• Ethnocentrism
• Weightism
• Racism
  • Aversive racism
• Religious
• Sexism
• Stigma
  • Stigma by association
  • Types
    • Overweight
    • Mental illness
    • Sickness
    • Poverty
    • Physical blemishes / disability