OpenStax College Physics/Table of contents

Physical Quantities and Units

   1.1 Physics: An Introduction
   1.2 Physical Quantities and Units
   1.3 Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Figures
   1.4 Approximation

One-Dimensional Kinematics

   2.1 Displacement
   2.2 Vectors, Scalars, and Coordinate Systems
   2.3 Time, Velocity, and Speed
   2.4 Acceleration
   2.5 Motion Equations for Constant Acceleration in One Dimension
   2.6 Problem-Solving Basics for One-Dimensional Kinematics
   2.7 Falling Objects
   2.8 Graphical Analysis of One-Dimensional Motion

Two-Dimensional Kinematics

   Introduction to Two-Dimensional Kinematics
   3.1 Kinematics in Two Dimensions: An Introduction
   3.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods
   3.3 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods
   3.4 Projectile Motion
   3.5 Addition of Velocities

Newton’s Laws of Motion

   4.1 Development of Force Concept
   4.2 Newton’s First Law of Motion: Inertia
   4.3 Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System
   4.4 Newton’s Third Law of Motion: Symmetry in Forces
   4.5 Normal, Tension, and Other Examples of Forces
   4.6 Problem-Solving Strategies
   4.7 Further Applications of Newton’s Laws of Motion
   4.8 Extended Topic: The Four Basic Forces—An Introduction

Newton's Laws: Friction, Drag, and Elasticity

   5.1 Friction
   5.2 Drag Forces
   5.3 Elasticity: Stress and Strain

Uniform Circular Motion and Gravitation

   6.1 Rotation Angle and Angular Velocity
   6.2 Centripetal Acceleration
   6.3 Centripetal Force
   6.4 Fictitious Forces and Non-inertial Frames: The Coriolis Force
   6.5 Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation
   6.6 Satellites and Kepler’s Laws: An Argument for Simplicity

Work, Energy, and Energy Resources

   7.1 Work: The Scientific Definition
   7.2 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem
   7.3 Gravitational Potential Energy
   7.4 Conservative Forces and Potential Energy
   7.5 Nonconservative Forces
   7.6 Conservation of Energy
   7.7 Power
   7.8 Work, Energy, and Power in Humans
   7.9 World Energy Use

Linear Momentum and Collisions

   8.1 Linear Momentum and Force
   8.2 Impulse
   8.3 Conservation of Momentum
   8.4 Elastic Collisions in One Dimension
   8.5 Inelastic Collisions in One Dimension
   8.6 Collisions of Point Masses in Two Dimensions
   8.7 Introduction to Rocket Propulsion

Statics and Torque

   9.1 The First Condition for Equilibrium
   9.2 The Second Condition for Equilibrium
   9.3 Stability
   9.4 Applications of Statics, Including Problem-Solving Strategies
   9.5 Simple Machines
   9.6 Forces and Torques in Muscles and Joints

Rotational Motion and Angular Momentum

   10.1 Angular Acceleration
   10.2 Kinematics of Rotational Motion
   10.3 Dynamics of Rotational Motion: Rotational Inertia
   10.4 Rotational Kinetic Energy: Work and Energy Revisited
   10.5 Angular Momentum and Its Conservation
   10.6 Collisions of Extended Bodies in Two Dimensions
   10.7 Gyroscopic Effects: Vector Aspects of Angular Momentum

Fluid Statics

   11.1 What Is a Fluid?
   11.2 Density
   11.3 Pressure
   11.4 Variation of Pressure with Depth in a Fluid
   11.5 Pascal’s Principle
   11.6 Gauge Pressure, Absolute Pressure, and Pressure Measurement
   11.7 Archimedes’ Principle
   11.8 Cohesion and Adhesion in Liquids: Surface Tension and Capillary Action
   11.9 Pressures in the Body

Fluid Dynamics: Biomedical Applications

   12.1 Flow Rate and Its Relation to Velocity
   12.2 Bernoulli’s Equation
   12.3 The Most General Applications of Bernoulli’s Equation
   12.4 Viscosity and Laminar Flow; Poiseuille’s Law
   12.5 The Onset of Turbulence
   12.6 Motion of an Object in a Viscous Fluid
   12.7 Molecular Transport Phenomena: Diffusion, Osmosis, and Related Processes

Temperature, Kinetic Theory & Gas Laws

   13.1 Temperature
   13.2 Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids
   13.3 The Ideal Gas Law
   13.4 Kinetic Theory: Pressure and Temperature
   13.5 Phase Changes
   13.6 Humidity, Evaporation, and Boiling

Heat and Heat Transfer Methods

   14.1 Heat
   14.2 Temperature Change and Heat Capacity
   14.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat
   14.4 Heat Transfer Methods
   14.5 Conduction
   14.6 Convection
   14.7 Radiation

Thermodynamics

   15.1 The First Law of Thermodynamics
   15.2 Simple Processes
   15.3 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Engine
   15.4 Second Law of Thermodynamics: Carnot cycle
   15.5 Applications: Heat Pumps and Refrigerators
   15.6 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
   15.7 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy

Oscillatory Motion and Waves

   16.1 Hooke’s Law: Stress and Strain Revisited
   16.2 Period and Frequency in Oscillations
   16.3 Simple Harmonic Motion: A Special Periodic Motion
   16.4 The Simple Pendulum
   16.5 Energy and the Simple Harmonic Oscillator
   16.6 Uniform Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion
   16.7 Damped Harmonic Motion
   16.8 Forced Oscillations and Resonance
   16.9 Waves
   16.10 Superposition and Interference
   16.11 Energy in Waves: Intensity

Physics of Hearing

   17.1 Sound
   17.2 Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
   17.3 Sound Intensity and Sound Level
   17.4 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms
   17.5 Sound Interference and Resonance: Standing Waves in Air Columns
   17.6 Hearing
   17.7 Ultrasound

Electric Charge and Electric Field

   18.1 Static Electricity and Charge: Conservation of Charge
   18.2 Conductors and Insulators
   18.3 Coulomb’s Law
   18.4 Electric Field: Concept of a Field Revisited
   18.5 Electric Field Lines: Multiple Charges
   18.6 Electric Forces in Biology
   18.7 Conductors and Electric Fields in Static Equilibrium
   18.8 Applications of Electrostatics

Electric Potential and Electric Energy

   19.1 Electric Potential Energy: Potential Difference
   19.2 Electric Potential in a Uniform Electric Field
   19.3 Electrical Potential Due to a Point Charge
   19.4 Equipotential Lines
   19.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics
   19.6 Capacitors in Series and Parallel
   19.7 Energy Stored in Capacitors

Electric Current, Resistance, and Ohm's Law

   20.1 Current
   20.2 Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Simple Circuits
   20.3 Resistance and Resistivity
   20.4 Electric Power and Energy
   20.5 Alternating Current versus Direct Current
   20.6 Electric Hazards and the Human Body
   20.7 Nerve Conduction–Electrocardiograms

Circuits and DC Instruments

   21.1 Resistors in Series and Parallel
   21.2 Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage
   21.3 Kirchhoff’s Rules
   21.4 DC Voltmeters and Ammeters
   21.5 Null Measurements
   21.6 DC Circuits Containing Resistors and Capacitors

Magnetism

   22.1 Magnets
   22.2 Ferromagnets and Electromagnets
   22.3 Magnetic Fields and Magnetic Field Lines
   22.4 Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge
   22.5 Magnetic force: Applications
   22.6 The Hall Effect
   22.7 Magnetic Force: Current-Carrying Conductor
   22.8 Torque on a Current Loop: Motors and Meters
   22.9 Magnetic Fields Produced by Currents: Ampere’s Law
   22.10 Magnetic Force between Two Parallel Conductors
   22.11 More Applications of Magnetism

Electromagnetic Induction, AC Circuits and Electrical Technologies

   23.1 Induced Emf and Magnetic Flux
   23.2 Faraday’s Law of Induction: Lenz’s Law
   23.3 Motional Emf
   23.4 Eddy Currents and Magnetic Damping
   23.5 Electric Generators
   23.6 Back Emf
   23.7 Transformers
   23.8 Electrical Safety: Systems and Devices
   23.9 Inductance
   23.10 RL Circuits
   23.11 Reactance, Inductive and Capacitive
   23.12 RLC Series AC Circuits

Electromagnetic Waves

   24.1 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
   24.2 Production of Electromagnetic Waves
   24.3 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
   24.4 Energy in Electromagnetic Waves

Geometric Optics

   25.1 The Ray Aspect of Light
   25.2 The Law of Reflection
   25.3 The Law of Refraction
   25.4 Total Internal Reflection
   25.5 Dispersion: The Rainbow and Prisms
   25.6 Image Formation by Lenses
   25.7 Image Formation by Mirrors

Vision and Optical Instruments

   26.1 Physics of the Eye
   26.2 Vision Correction
   26.3 Color and Color Vision
   26.4 Microscopes
   26.5 Telescopes
   26.6 Aberrations

Wave Optics

   27.1 The Wave Aspect of Light: Interference
   27.2 Huygens's Principle: Diffraction
   27.3 Young’s Double Slit Experiment
   27.4 Multiple Slit Diffraction
   27.5 Single Slit Diffraction
   27.6 Limits of Resolution: The Rayleigh Criterion
   27.7 Thin Film Interference
   27.8 Polarization
   27.9 *Microscopy Enhanced by the Wave Nature of Light

Special Relativity

   28.1 Einstein’s Postulates
   28.2 Simultaneity And Time Dilation
   28.3 Length Contraction
   28.4 Relativistic Addition of Velocities
   28.5 Relativistic Momentum
   28.6 Relativistic Energy

Quantum Physics

   29.1 Quantization of Energy
   29.2 The Photoelectric Effect
   29.3 Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
   29.4 Photon Momentum
   29.5 The Particle-Wave Duality
   29.6 The Wave Nature of Matter
   29.7 Probability: The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
   29.8 The Particle-Wave Duality Reviewed

Atomic Physics

   30.1 Discovery of the Atom
   30.2 Discovery of Electrons and Atomic Nucleii
   30.3 Bohr’s Theory of the Hydrogen Atom
   30.4 X Rays: Atomic Origins and Applications
   30.5 Applications of Atomic Transitions
   30.6 The Wave Nature of Matter Causes Quantization
   30.7 Patterns in Spectra Reveal More Quantization
   30.8 Quantum Numbers and Rules
   30.9 The Pauli Exclusion Principle

Radioactivity and Nuclear Physics

   31.1 Nuclear Radioactivity
   31.2 Radiation Detection and Detectors
   31.3 Substructure of the Nucleus
   31.4 Nuclear Decay and Conservation Laws
   31.5 Half-Life and Activity
   31.6 Binding Energy
   31.7 Tunneling

Medical Applications of Nuclear Physics

   32.1 Medical Imaging and Diagnostics
   32.2 Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
   32.3 Therapeutic Uses of Ionizing Radiation
   32.4 Food Irradiation
   32.5 Fusion
   32.6 Fission
   32.7 Nuclear Weapons

Particle Physics

   33.1 The Yukawa Particle: Uncertainty Principle Revisited
   33.2 The Four Basic Forces
   33.3 Accelerators Create Matter from Energy
   33.4 Particles, Patterns, and Conservation Laws
   33.5 Quarks: Is That All There Is?
   33.6 GUTs: The Unification of Forces

Frontiers of Physics

   34.1 Cosmology and Particle Physics
   34.2 General Relativity and Quantum Gravity
   34.3 Superstrings
   34.4 Dark Matter and Closure
   34.5 Complexity and Chaos
   34.6 High-temperature Superconductors
   34.7 Some Questions We Know to Ask