Nonlinear finite elements/Homework 6/Solutions/Problem 2
Problem 2: Exploring commercial software
editTrack down the different types of beam and shell elements that ANSYS and LS-DYNA provide. For each element that you find, answer the following
- What is the name of the element?
- How many nodes does the element have?
- How many displacement type (displacements, rotations) degrees of freedom are there at each node?List them.
- How many force type (forces, moments) boundary conditions can be applied at each node?List them.
- What is the form of the shape functions used by the element? (Alternatively, you may write down the approximate solutions assumed by the element.)
- Is the beam element a continuum-based one or one derived from the equations of beam theory?
- Does the element allow for full and reduced integration?
ANSYS Beam Elements | |||||||
Element name |
Description | Nodes | Degree of freedom |
Load | Shape function |
Theory | Full/reduced integration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BEAM3 | 2D elastic | 2 | no | ||||
BEAM4 | 3D elastic | 2 | |
|
no | ||
BEAM23 | 2D plastic | 2 | no | ||||
BEAM24 | 3D thin-walled | 2 | |
|
no | ||
BEAM44 | 3D elastic tapered unsymmetric |
2 | |
|
no | ||
BEAM54 | 2D elastic tapered unsymmetric |
2 | no | ||||
BEAM161 | Explicit 3D | 2 | |
no | |||
BEAM188 | 3D linear finite strain |
3 | |
|
Beam | no | |
BEAM189 | 3D quadratic finite strain |
4 | |
|
Beam | no | |
not specified by the software. | |||||||
see ANSYS Theory Reference: Chapter 14. |
ANSYS Shell Elements | ||||||
Element name |
Description | Nodes | Degree of freedom |
Load | Shape function |
Full/reduced integration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SHELL28 | Shear/twisted panel |
4 | |
|
no | |
SHELL41 | Membrane | 4 | no | |||
SHELL43 | Plastic large strain |
4 | |
|
no | |
SHELL51 | Asymmetric | 2 | |
no | ||
SHELL57 | Thermal | 4 | Temperature | no | ||
SHELL61 | Asymmetric- harmonic |
2 | |
no | ||
SHELL63 | Elastic | 4 | |
|
no | |
SHELL91 | Nonlinear layered |
8 | |
|
no | |
SHELL99 | Linear layered |
8 | |
|
no | |
SHELL143 | Plastic small strain |
4 | |
|
no | |
SHELL150 | p-Element | 8 | |
|
no | |
SHELL157 | Thermal | 4 | Temperature current |
no | ||
SHELL163 | Explicit thin | 4 | |
|
no | |
SHELL181 | Finite strain layered |
4 | |
|
yes | |
see ANSYS Theory Reference: Chapter 14. |
LS-DYNA BEAM Elements: ELFORM 1-9 | ||||||
Element name |
Nodes | Degree of freedom |
Load | Shape function |
Theory | Full/reduced integration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belytschko | 2 | |
|
C-B | ||
Hughes-Liu | 8 | |
|
C-B | ||
see LS-DYNA Theory Manual: Chapter 4-5 | ||||||
see LS-DYNA User Keyword Manual: Chapter 26: SECTION. | ||||||
depends on chosen ELFORM. |
LS-DYNA SHELL Elements: ELFORM 1-18,20-22,31,32,43,44,99 | |||||
Element name |
Nodes | Degree of freedom |
Load | Shape function |
Theory |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belytschko-Lin-Tsay | 4 | |
|
||
C0 triangular | 3 | |
|
||
Marchertas-Belytschko Triangular | 3 | |
|
||
Hughes-Liu | 4 | |
|
||
8-node solid | 8 | |
|
||
see LS-DYNA Theory Manual: Chapter 6-10. | |||||
see LS-DYNA User Keyword Manual: Chapter 26: SECTION. | |||||
depends on chosen ELFORM. |