Mathematics for Applied Sciences (Osnabrück 2011-2012)/Part I/Exercise sheet 7
- Warm-up-exercises
Exercise
Write in the vector
as a linear combination of the vectors
Exercise
Write in the vector
as a linear combination of the vectors
Exercise
Let be a field, and let be a -vector space. Let , , be a family of vectors in , and let be another vector. Assume that the family
is a system of generators of , and that is a linear combination of the , . Prove that also , , is a system of generators of .
Exercise
Let be a field and let be a -vector space. Prove the following facts.
- Let
, ,
be a family of subspaces of . Prove that also the intersection
is a subspace.
- Let , , be a family of elements of and consider the subset of which is given by all linear combinations of these elements. Show that is a subspace of .
- The family , ,
is a system of generators of if and only if
Exercise
Show that the three vectors
in are linearly independent.
Exercise
Give an example of three vectors in such that each two of them is linearly independent, but all three vectors together are linearly dependent.
Exercise
Let be a field, let be a -vector space and let , , be a family of vectors in . Prove the following facts.
- If the family is linearly independent, then for each subset , also the family , is linearly independent.
- The empty family is linearly independent.
- If the family contains the null vector, then it is not linearly independent.
- If a vector appears several times in the family, then the family is not linearly independent.
- A vector is linearly independent if and only if .
- Two vectors and are linearly independent if and only if is not a scalar multiple of and vice versa.
Exercise
Let be a field, let be a -vector space, and let , be a family of vectors in . Let , be a family of elements in . Prove that the family , , is linearly independent (a system of generators of , a basis of ), if and only if the same holds for the family , .
Exercise
Determine a basis for the solution space of the linear equation
Exercise
Determine a basis for the solution space of the linear system of equations
Exercise
Prove that in , the three vectors
are a basis.
Exercise
Establish if in the two vectors
form a basis.
Exercise
Let be a field. Find a linear system of equations in three variables, whose solution space is exactly
- Hand-in-exercises
Exercise (3 marks)
Write in the vector
as a linear combination of the vectors
Prove that it cannot be expressed as a linear combination of two of the three vectors.
Exercise (2 marks)
Establish if in the three vectors
form a basis.
Exercise (2 marks)
Establish if in the two vectors
form a basis.
Exercise (4 marks)
Let be the -dimensional standard vector space over , and let be a family of vectors. Prove that this family is a -basis of if and only if the same family, considered as a family in , is a -basis of .
Exercise (3 marks)
Let be a field, and let
be a nonzero vector. Find a linear system of equations in variables with equations, whose solution space is exactly