Learning the Basics of Landan/Learn the tenses

This page is designed as an introduction to the main tenses used in Landan. As of yet it is unfinished but we hope to cover, present, perfect, imperfect, future, near future, conditional, past historic and compound tenses.


Present Tense

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In Landan, verbs in the infinitive end in -en, or -n

EN N
Nehmen, to call, to name Lehdn, to let
ig

tu
se
sie
nor
ye
sun
Jau

nehme

nehmst
nehmt
nehmt
naamen
naame
nehmen
naame

leht

lest
let
let
lessen
lesse
lehdn
lesse


Pronouns-

  • ig - I
  • tu - you
  • se - he
  • sie - she
  • nor - we
  • ye - you (plural or singular polite)
  • sun - they
  • Jau (formal you) - you

Perfect Tense

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The perfect tense is used to describe an action in the past that has been completed

The Past Tense is formed by the Auxiliary Verb and the Past Participle

Auxiliary Verb

This is a 'helping' verb (eg. the have in 'I have danced') and in Landan we either use Eßn or Heben.

In case you don't know all of these verbs here they are in present tense, and below they're given in the perfect tense-

Heben (to have) Eßn (to be)
ig

tu
se
sie
nor
ye
sun
Jau

hebe

hebst
hebt
hebt
haben
habe
heben
habe

ben

bis
is
is
essen
esse
eßn
esse

Heben (to have) Eßn (to be)
ig

tu
se
sie
nor
ye
sun
Jau

habte

habst
habt
habt
hatten
hatte
hatten
hatte

war

wes
wis
wis
send
sand
send
sand

The Perfect Infinitive

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The perfect infinitive is formed with the infinitive of eßn or haben and the past participle.

The most frequent use of the perfect infinitive is with drutz.....heben or drutz.....eßn, meaning after having.

Drutz ett heben...

After having eaten...


Past Participle

This is the part equivalent to the english verb part usually ending in -ed, (like jumped, in 'I have jumped')

This is formed differently depending on the verb ending-

  • for all verbs, in the past participle, the declensions in the plural persons (except "they") are used in spelling. For instance, we saw that the verb "to watch, to witness"(kauschen) declined to "nor kuschen" (au=u). The same for "heben," the e becomes an a. In the past participle, regular verbs, and most irregular verbs adopt the prefix ge-, plus the participle endings.

Examples

kauschen - to watch yields gekuscht - watched
sukern - to search yields gesugt - chosen
flegen - to fly yields geflugt - flew


Irregular Past Participles


This is not all the irregular past participles in Landan.

eßn - bent - been
lauchen - laft - laughed
gahn - gant - gone
konnen - gekomt - knew
kannen - kann