Internet Protocol Analysis/Internet Layer IPv4/Quiz

The Internet layer is a group of internetworking methods, protocols, and specifications in the Internet protocol suite that are used to

from the originating

across

, if necessary, to the destination

specified by a network address.

The Internet layer is not responsible for reliable transmission. It provides only

.

The core protocols used in the Internet layer are

.

The

is primarily used for error and diagnostic functions.

The

is used by IPv4 hosts and adjacent multicast routers to establish multicast group memberships.

Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a suite of protocols for securing Internet Protocol (IP) communications by

and/or

each IP packet in a data stream.

Each IP datagram has two components, a header and a data payload. The IP header is tagged with

needed to route and deliver the datagram.

IPv4 uses

addresses, most often written in the

notation.

Private IPv4 network address ranges are reserved for use in private networks and include

.

Private networks communicate with public networks through

.

The link-local IPv4 address range,

, is similar to a private network address range but is not routable.

The loopback address range,

is reserved for loopback, or internal host addressing.

The primary address pool of the Internet, maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), was exhausted in

.

Valid IPv4 host addresses have a first octet in the range

(originally Class A),

(originally Class B), or

(originally Class C).

Multicast addresses have a first octet in the range

(originally Class D).

Addresses with a first octet in the range

are unused (reserved / experimental).

Classful networking was replaced by

starting in 1993.