Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Ephippium

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich. 

EPHIP'PIUM (ἐφίππιον). A pad saddle for horses (Varro, R. R. ii. 7. 15. Caes. B. G. iv. 2.), used by the Greeks and Romans. It is very commonly represented in works of art as a piece of cloth doubled several times into a thick square pad (see the second illustration s. EQUES; but also occurs in many instances under the form of a regularly stuffed pad, like the annexed example (Ephippium/1.1), from the Antonine Column. Similar ones are likewise seen in the painting of Herculaneum and Pompeii, and on the arch of Septimius Severus; but the pad is more frequently concealed by the housings (stragula), which covered both sides of the animal.

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  Ephippium/1.1