Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Cucullus

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Rich, Anthony (1849). The illustrated companion to the Latin dictionary, and Greek lexicon. p. vi. OCLC 894670115. https://archive.org/details/illustratedcompa00rich. 

CUCUL'LUS. A piece of paper rolled into the shape of a funnel, in which the chemists and other tradespeople of Rome used to wrap the powders and drugs bought by their customers (Mart. Ep. iii. 2.), precisely as the grocer and chandler's shopkeeper do at the present day.

2. From similarity in form to the preceding, a hood or cowl attached to some other garment, such as the lacerna, sagum, paenula, &c., which could be drawn up over the head, to serve instead of a hat; and was commonly worn by slaves, rustics, fishermen, and persons whose occupations exposed them to the weather at all seasons, like the cowl of the Capuchin friars, and modern Neapolitan fishermen. (Columell. xi. 1. 21. Mart. Ep. xi. 98. 10. Juv. vi. 118. Pallad. i. 43. 4.) The above illustration (Cucullus/2.1) is from a painting at Pompeii, representing a group of common people drinking in a tavern (caupona). When it was desired to uncover the head, the cowl was pushed back, and rested on the upper part of the back, in the manner shown by the second engraving (Cucullus/2.2), representing another of the figures in the same group. The first of these illustrates Cicero's description of M. Antony (Phil. ii. 31.), domum venit capite involuto; the latter one, the caput aperuit, of the same passage.

3. Cucullus Bardaicus (Jul. Cap. Pertinax, 8.); same as BARDOCUCULLUS.

4. Cucullus Liburnicus (Mart. in Lemmate, xiv. 139.); same as BARDOCUCULLUS.

5. Cucullus Santonicus (Juv. viii. 145.); same as BARDOCUCULLUS; from the town of Saintes in France, where the manufacture of these articles was introduced from Illyria.

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  Cucullus/2.1
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  Cucullus/2.2