EuroLex/E/Topless 2
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topless
- Original language: English
- Original form and meaning: adj. 2b 'bare-breasted'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | toples | mid20c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | topless [= English] | 1970s | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| English | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | topless < yläosaton (trsl.) [= English] | end20c | the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use | dito | ... |
| French | < sein nu (creat.) | ... | the same as in English, see above, status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English | dito | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | < oben ohne (creat.) | ... | the same as in English, see above, status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English | dito | ... |
| Hungarian | toples [topless] | end20c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English (modern) | dito | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | < a seno nudo (creat.) | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | < toppløs (trsl.) | ... | the same as in English, see above, status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English | dito | ... |
| Polish | toples(s) [toples] | uninfluenced, mid20c | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | topless [toples] | 1970s | the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English | dito | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
- Annotations: * DEA = Dictionary of European Anglicisms by Manfred Görlach (2001), Oxford: OUP.; ** CODEE = The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology by T.F. Hoad (1986), Oxford: Clarendon.
- Information on Other Languages: Icelandic: topplaus, 1970s, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: (nearly) identical to indigenous form in receptor language, form of semantic loan; Romanian: toples/-less [= English], uninfluenced, 1990s, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: journalese, modern; Russian: meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English; Bulgarian: toples, uninfluenced, end20c, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: journalese, modern; Greek: toples = ghymnostithi (creat.), uninfluenced, 1960s, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English;,