top ten

  • Original language: English
  • Original form and meaning: n. '1 'the first ten records in the charts', +2 'the ten best players in the world' (tennis)


(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)


Language Form Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) Current Meaning and Status Earlier Meanings and Statusses Source
Catalan ... ... '...' '...' ...
Croatian top-list (rend) ... '...' '...' ...
Czech ... ... '...' '...' ...
Danish ... ... '...' '...' ...
Dutch top-tien end20c 1, status: not (or no longer) recognized as English + word comes from other source than English dito ...
English ... ... '...' '...' ...
Estonian ... ... '...' '...' ...
Finnish top ten [= English] 20c 1, status: restricted use: youth dito ...
French ... ... '...' '...' ...
Frisian ... ... '...' '...' ...
German Top Ten 1980s 1, status: restricted use: technical, journalese dito ...
Hungarian top ten/top 10 end20c the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: written, journalese dito ...
Irish ... ... '...' '...' ...
Italian top ten [= English] end20c +2, status: restricted use: journalese dito ...
Latvian ... ... '...' '...' ...
Lithuanian ... ... '...' '...' ...
Maltese ... ... '...' '...' ...
Norwegian top ten [= English] 1960s the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical dito ...
Polish < pierwszych dziesieciu ... '...' '...' ...
Portuguese ... ... '...' '...' ...
Rumantsch ... ... '...' '...' ...
Slovak ... ... '...' '...' ...
Slovenian ... ... '...' '...' ...
Spanish top ten end20c the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: journalese dito ...
Swedish ... ... '...' '...' ...
  • Annotations: * DEA = Dictionary of European Anglicisms by Manfred Görlach (2001), Oxford: OUP.; ** CODEE = The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology by T.F. Hoad (1986), Oxford: Clarendon.
  • Information on Other Languages: Icelandic: topp tíu, uninfluenced, 1960s, meaning: 1, status: not (or no longer) recognized as English + word comes from other source than English; Romanian: status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English; Russian: top ten, end20c, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical, journalese; Bulgarian: top ten < top deset (trsl.), end20c, meaning: 1, status: restricted use: journalese; Albanian: topten, 1992, meaning: 1, status: restricted use: youth; Greek: top ten, end20c, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: technical, youth;,