EuroLex/E/Top secret

top secret

  • Original language: English
  • Original form and meaning: adj. 'of the highest secrecy'


(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)


Language Form Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) Current Meaning and Status Earlier Meanings and Statusses Source
Catalan ... ... '...' '...' ...
Croatian ... ... status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English '...' ...
Czech ... ... '...' '...' ...
Danish ... ... '...' '...' ...
Dutch top secret [= English] 1970s the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English dito ...
English ... ... '...' '...' ...
Estonian ... ... '...' '...' ...
Finnish ... ... '...' '...' ...
French top secret 1960s the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: colloquial + word comes from other source than English dito ...
Frisian ... ... '...' '...' ...
German top secret [= English] 1960s the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: colloquial dito ...
Hungarian top secret [top si:kret] end20c the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use > fully accepted, but still marked as English dito ...
Irish ... ... '...' '...' ...
Italian top secret uninfluenced, 1960s the same as in English, see above, status: fully accepted, but still marked as English (colloquial, journalese) dito ...
Latvian ... ... '...' '...' ...
Lithuanian ... ... '...' '...' ...
Maltese ... ... '...' '...' ...
Norwegian top secret [= English] 1950s the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use dito ...
Polish < najwiekszy sekret ... '...' '...' ...
Portuguese ... ... '...' '...' ...
Rumantsch ... ... '...' '...' ...
Slovak ... ... '...' '...' ...
Slovenian ... ... '...' '...' ...
Spanish top secret [= English/top sekret] 1960s the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use > fully accepted, but still marked as English dito ...
Swedish ... ... '...' '...' ...
  • Annotations: * DEA = Dictionary of European Anglicisms by Manfred Görlach (2001), Oxford: OUP.; ** CODEE = The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology by T.F. Hoad (1986), Oxford: Clarendon.
  • Information on Other Languages: Icelandic: top secret [= English], uninfluenced, end20c, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English; Romanian: top secret [topsekret], 1990s, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: journalese; Russian: status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English; Bulgarian: < svrukh sekretno (trsl.); Albanian: top sekret, 1970s, meaning: the same as in English, see above, status: restricted use: youth; Greek: status: word is known mainly to bilinguals and felt to be English;,