EuroLex/E/Grapefruit
< EuroLex
- Original language: English
- Original form and meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | greipfrut [pronunciation like spelling suggests] | 20c | meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: fully accepted but still marked as English | dito | DEA* |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | grapefruit ['gre:pfru:t] | 1950s | meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: fully accepted but still marked as English, less common than pompelmoes | '...' | ... |
| English | grapefruit; [grape- originally from Germanic grap(p)e 'hook'] | 19c | 'a large round yellow citrus fruit' | dito | DEA*/CODEE** |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | greippi | 20c | meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | dito | DEA* |
| French | grape-fruit [grεpfRut] | beg20c | meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: restricted use: regional, less common than pamplemousse, pomélo | dito | DEA* |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Grapefruit ['gre:pfru:t] [DEA*] / Grapefrucht | 20c | meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: restricted use: modish, less common than Pampelmuse | dito | DEA* |
| Hungarian | grapefruit [=English/gre:pfru:/gre:pfryi] | 1930-60s | meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: fully accepted but still marked as English | dito | DEA* |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | - , pompelmo is used instead (from Dutch pompelmoes) | ... | '...' | '...' | DEA* |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | grapefrukt/grape [gre:p] | 20c | meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: fully accepted but still marked as English [+ -frukt from Norwegian] | dito | DEA* |
| Polish | greipfrut [= English pronunciation] | beg20c | meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: fully accepted but still marked as English, derivation: grapefrucik | dito | DEA* |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
- Annotations: *DEA = Dictionary of European Anglicisms by Manfred Görlach (2001), Oxford: OUP.; **CODEE = The Concise Oxford Dictionary of European Anglicisms by T.F. Hoad (1986), Oxford: Clarendon.
- Information on Other Languages: Icelandic: grapefruit [krei:pfruht/-fru:t], mid20c / grape/greip [krei:p], 1970s; meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status of grapefruit: known mainly to bilinguals, archaic; status of grape/greip: not (or no longer) recognized as English, developing into creation greipávöxtur, greipaldin; Romanian: grapefruit/grepfrut/grep/gref ['grepfrut/grep/gref], mid20c; meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: fully accepted but still marked as English (developing into unmarked); Russian: greĭpfrut, mid20c, meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English; Bulgarian: greĭfrut, greĭfurt, greĭfrukt, mid20c, meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: fully accepted but still marked as English, more frequent than greĭpfrut; Albanian: greipfrutë [grejpfrutë], 20c, meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: restricted to colloquial use; Greek: greipfrut, beg20c, meaning: 'a large round yellow citrus fruit'; status: fully accepted but still marked as English,