EuroHiT/Love

Definition of the Concept: Although there are sometimes distinctive words for various aspects of love (agape, eros, philia), it is more generally true that the same word is used, any distinction depending upon the context.

Catalan

History of Forms

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Croatian

History of Forms

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Czech

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	láska	ON elska and els-hugi	sb.	...	Buck
2	milovati	...	vb., cf. sb. milý	...	Buck
3	libiti se	...	vb., impers. 'be pleasing'	once general Slavic, but partly replaced	Buck

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Danish

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	kœrlighed	since ODan. kœrleg	sb., general	early borrowing fr. an old form of Fr. cher; hence ON kœrleikr	Buck
2	elskov	...	sb.; for 'dear' as an affectionate term of adress elsket; vb. elske	ON elska	Buck
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Dutch

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	liefde	since ODu.	sb., general; adj. lief	cf. OHG liubī	Buck
2	minne, beminnen	since ODu.	sb., esp. of sexual love, and by 1500 no longer decent and hence taboo, but revived again in poetic language in the late 18th century	OHG minna	Buck
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English

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	love	since OE sb. lufu, vb. lufian; ME sb. love, vb. lovie	general, cf. adj. OEleof, MEleve, NElief	...	Buck
2	frēod	only OE	sb., vb. frēon;	cf. NHG freien 'woo'	Buck
3	wyn	only OE	sb. 'love, charm', but common only in the personified 'Venus' vb. wyscan 'wish'	Lat. venus	Buck
4	ēst	only OE	sb. 'favor, grace', vb. unnan 'grant, wish'	ON āst	Buck

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Annotations

whore since OE hōre; pejorative for a 'prostitute'< Lat. cāritās (Buck)

Estonian

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Finnish

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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French

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	amour	since OF	general; sb., vb. aimer	Lat. sb. amor, vb., amāre	Buck
2	avoir cher	since OF	vb., lit. 'hold dear'	Lat. bene velle alicui	Buck
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Frisian

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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German

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	Liebe	since OHG sb. liubī, vb. liubōn; MHG sb. liebe, vb. lieben	sb., general, vb. lieben	...	Buck
2	Minne	since OHG sb. minna, vb. minn(e)ōn, MHG, NHG minnen	esp. of sexual love, and by 1500 no longer decent and hence taboo, but revived again in poetic language in the late 18th century	...	Buck
3	Wonne	since OE sb. wunna, vb. wunscan	lit., reference to the personified Venus	Lat venus	Buck

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Hure since OHG huora; pejorative for a 'prostitute'< Lat cāritās (Buck)

Hungarian

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Irish

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	grādh	since OIr grād	general	orig. dub., perh. loanword fr. Lat. grātum 'favor' in phrases like grātum facere alicui	Buck
2	searc	since OIr serc	now mostly poetic	etym. dub., perh. *ser-k- beside *ser-t-, W. serth 'obscene'	Buck
3	cin	since OIr cion	esp. fondness, esteem	Skt. canas- 'delight'	Buck

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Italian

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	amore	since OIt.	sb. general, vb. amare	Lat. sb. amor, vb. amāre	Buck
2	bene voler	since OIt.	vb. 'wish well', more popular expression	Lat. vene velle alicui	Buck
3	caro	since OIt.	adj.	Lat. cārus	Buck

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Ladin

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Latvian

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Lithuanian

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	meilė	...	sb., general, vb. mylėti, adj. mielas	prob. fr. the root *mei- in Skt. mayas- 'delight, joy'; Lat. mītis 'mild, gentle'	Buck
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Maltese

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Norwegian

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Occitan

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin Sources
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Polish

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	milość	...	sb. general	prob. fr. the root *mei- in Skt. mayas- 'delight, joy', Lat. mītis 'mild, gentle'	Buck
2	kochać	...	vb. general	cf. Boh. kochati 'fondle'	Buck
3	lubić	...	vb. 'be fond of, like', adj. łasy 'hankering, greedy'	...	Buck

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Portuguese

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Rumantsch

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Slovak

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Slovenian

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
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Spanish

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	amor	since OSp.	sb. general, vb. amar	Lat. sb. amor, vb. amāre	Buck
2	quedar	...	more popular expression	...	Buck
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Swedish

History of Forms

No.	Variants of Lexical Type	Chronological Data	Distribution	Origin	Sources
1	kärlek	since OSW. kœrlek	sb. general	ON kœrr, early borrowing fr. an old form of Fr. cher	Buck
2	älskog	since OSW.	sb., vb. älska	ON elska	Buck
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Information on Other Languages

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Related Concepts

(Cf. also the guidelines for the EuroHiT Project.)