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Benitoite

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The mineral is named after San Benito County, where it was first found and described by George Louderback in 1907.

Because of its color, benitoite was initially thought to be a variety of sapphire. This mistake was discovered after a chemical analysis of benitoite conducted with the use of X-rays.

 
Benitoite crystals on white natrolite
 
Benitoite crystals under UV light

Basic properties

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Composition BaTiSi3O9
Class Silicates (cyclosilicates)
Crystal system Hexagonal
Mohs' hardness 6-6,5
Fracture Conchoidal
Cleavage Poor
Lustre Glassy
Streak White
Localities USA, Japan, Australia, Belgium