Birthstones from 1-clockwise starting from January.

About edit

Study on Birthstones as they are listed in a various cultures, texts, websites, etc.

To do edit

  1. Collect sources and basic info.
  2. Images, background.

Goals edit

Summarize findings, categorized by claim, source, cultures, eras.

Findings edit

Individual claims edit

January edit

 
Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry; A New Year's Day feast including Jean de Berry.

Garnets     /ˈɡɑːrnət/ are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives. The word garnet comes from 14th‑century Middle English word gernet meaning 'dark red,' from the Latin granatus, from granum ('grain, seed') + suffix atus, possibly a reference to mela granatum or even pomum granatum ('pomegranate',[1] scientific name: Punica granatum), a plant whose fruits contain abundant and vivid red arils, are similar in shape, size, and color to some garnet crystals.[2]

Garnet is said to be symbolic of desire.[3]

Called the "traditional birthstone" of January in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] Garnet is listed as the birthstone in It Happens in the Month of January, a book series described as "everything you ever wanted to know about each month."[5] It is also listed as Garnet in the 2013 Standard Catalog of World Coins 2001 to Date,[6] in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.,[7] and in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Emerald     is a variety of the mineral beryl colored green by trace amounts of chromium and sometimes vanadium.[8] The word "Emerald" is derived (via Old French: Esmeraude and Middle English: Emeraude), from Vulgar Latin: Esmaralda/Esmaraldus, a variant of Latin Smaragdus, which originated in Greek: σμάραγδος (smaragdos; "green gem").[9]

Emerald is listed is the "mystical birthstone" in From Satan's Crown to the Holy Grail: Emeralds in Myth, Magic, and History.[10]

Rose quartz is considered the "secondary birthstone" of January in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

February edit

 

Amethyst is said to be associated with good luck, humor, and health.[3]

Amethyst is called the "traditional birthstone" of February in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] and is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.[7] It is also listed in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Onyx is considered the "secondary birthstone" of February in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

March edit

 

Aquamarine is associated with comprehension and happiness.[3]

It is called the "traditional birthstone" of March in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] and it is also listed in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Bloodstone is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.[7] It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of March in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

April edit

 

Diamond is associated with desire and connection.[3]

Diamond is called the "traditional birthstone" of April in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.,[7] and in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Crystal quartz is considered the "secondary birthstone" of April in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

May edit

 
Emerald edit

Emerald is called the "traditional birthstone" of May in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4] It is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.,[7] and in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Chrysoprase edit

It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of May in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

June edit

 
Agate edit

Agate is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.[7]

Pearl edit

Pearl is called the "traditional birthstone" of June in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] and it is listed in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Moonstone edit

It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of June in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

July edit

 
Ruby edit

Ruby is called the "traditional birthstone" of July in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4] It is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.,[7] and in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Carnelian edit

It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of July in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

August edit

 
Peridot edit

Peridot is called the "traditional birthstone" of August in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] and it is listed in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Sardonyx edit

Sardonyx is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.[7] It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of August in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

September edit

 
Sapphire edit

Sapphire is called the "traditional birthstone" of September in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4] It is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.,[7] and in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Lapis Lazuli edit

It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of September in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

October edit

 
Opal edit

Opal is called the "traditional birthstone" of October in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] It is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.,[7] and in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Pink tourmaline edit

It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of October in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

November edit

 
Topaz edit

Topaz is called the "traditional birthstone" of November in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] and is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.[7]

Lemon quartz edit

Citrine, a type of quartz, is listed as the birthstone in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3] It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of November in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

December edit

 
Turquoise edit

Turquoise is called the "traditional birthstone" of December in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects,[4] It is listed as the birthstone in an 1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.,[7] and in an astrology based cook-book Romance Cooking: Unlocking the Secrets of Seducing Mars Or Venus.[3]

Blue topaz edit

It is considered the "secondary birthstone" of December in Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects.[4]

Full claims edit

Claim January February March April May June July August September October November December
1870 pamphlet by Tiffany & Co.[11] Garnet Amethyst Bloodstone Diamond Emerald Agate Ruby Sardonyx Sapphire Opal Topaz Turquoise
Judaism[12] Garnet Amethyst Jasper Sapphire Chaldedony
Carnelian
Agate
Emerald Onyx Carnelian Chrysolite Aquamarine Topaz Ruby
Romans[12] Garnet Amethyst Bloodstone Sapphire Agate Emerald Onyx Carnelian Sardonyx Aquamarine Topaz Ruby
Isidore Bishop of Seville[12] Hyacinth Amethyst Jasper Sapphire Agate Emerald Onyx Carnelian Chrysolite Aquamarine Topaz Ruby
Arabians[12] Garnet Amethyst Bloodstone Sapphire Emerald Agate
Chalcedony
Pearl
Carnelian Sardonyx Chrysolite Aquamarine Topaz Ruby
Poles[12] Garnet Amethyst Bloodstone Diamond Emerald Agate
Chalcedony
Ruby Sardonyx Sardonyx Aquamarine Topaz Turquoise
Russians[12] Garnet
Hyacinth
Amethyst Jasper Sapphire Emerald Agate
Chalcedony
Ruby
Sardonyx
Alexandrite Chrysolite Beryl Topaz Turquoise
Chrysoprase
Italians[12] Jacinth
Garnet
Amethyst Jasper Sapphire Agate Emerald Onyx Carnelian Chrysolite Beryl Topaz Ruby
15th to 20th Century[12] Garnet Amethyst
Hyacinth
Pearl
Jasper
Bloodstone
Diamond
Sapphire
Emerald
Agate
Cat's-eye
Turquoise
Agate
Turquiose
Onyx
Sardonyx
Carnelian
Moonstone
Topaz
Chrysolite Beryl
Opal
Topaz
Pearl
Ruby
Bloodstone

References edit

Citations edit

  1. Pomengranate.
  2. Garnet.
  3. 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 Lynch 2008, p. 120.
  4. 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 Easy Birthstone Jewelry 2008, p. 5.
  5. Jackson 2002, The January Birthstone.
  6. Cuhaj & Michael 2012, p. 174.
  7. 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 Cummings Farrington 1903, pp. 63–64.
  8. Hurlburt & Kammerling 1991, p. 203.
  9. Emerald.
  10. Morgan 2007, p. 171.
  11. Cummings Farrington 1903, pp. 63-64.
  12. 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Kunz 1913, p. 315.

Sources edit

  • Hurlbut, Cornelius S. Jr.; Kammerling, Robert C. (1991), Gemology, New York: John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0471526673
  • Easy Birthstone Jewelry: 38 Exciting Projects, Kalmbach Publishing Company, 2008, ISBN 9780871162557
  • Cuhaj, George S.; Michael, Thomas (2012), 2013 Standard Catalog of World Coins 2001 to Date, Krause Publications, ISBN 9781440229657
  • Morgan, Diane (2007), From Satan's Crown to the Holy Grail: Emeralds in Myth, Magic, and History, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 9780275991234
  • Jackson, Ellen (2002), It Happens in the Month of January, Charlesbridge Publishing, ISBN 9781607340508
  • Cummings Farrington, Oliver (1903), Gems and Gem Minerals, A. W. Mumford, OCLC 1825362
  • Kunz, George Frederick (1913), The Curious Lore of Precious Stones, J. B. Lippincott Company, OCLC 1047644

Online sources edit

  • pomengranate, Online Etymology Dictionary, retrieved 25 January 2012
  • garnet, Online Etymology Dictionary, retrieved 25 January 2012
  • garnet, Online Etymology Dictionary, retrieved 26 January 2012